4. The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is another name for the columns?

Answer 1

Groups

Question 2

What have the elements in the group got in common?

Answer 2

They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell (similar characteristics)

Question 3

What do the rows show?

Answer 3

The number of electron shells

Question 4

What are Group 0 gases known as?

Answer 4

The Noble gasses

Question 5

Characteristics of Group 0 elements?

Answer 5

Unreactive, their full outer shell makes them stable

Question 6

What is another word for Group 1 metals?

Answer 6

Alkali metals

Question 7

Do Group 1 metals get more or less reactive as they go down the Group?

Answer 7

More reactive

Question 8

Characteristics of Group 1 metals?

Answer 8

Low density, +1 ion formed in an ionic compound

Question 9

What happens when Group 1 metals when they bond?

Answer 9

They form a white ionic compound, this dissolves in water to form a colourless solution (An OH solution), when indicator is added the solution goes purple

Question 10

What is formed when Group 1 metal reacts with water?

Answer 10

Hydrogen

Question 11

Why are Group 1 metals with less shells, less reactive then those with many?

Answer 11

The more shells there are the further the outer electrons are from the nucleus, the weaker the electro-static forces of attraction between the electron and nucleus, and therefore the easier it’s lost.

Question 12

Characteristics of Transition metals in comparison to Group 1 metals?

Answer 12

They react less vigorously, they are stronger & harder. Higher m.p, b.p & density

Question 13

What can Transition metals be used as?

Answer 13

Catalysts

Question 14

Why are Transition metals good catalysts?

Answer 14

They have variable oxidation states i.e. Fe(II+) & Fe(III+)

Question 15

What are Group 7 elements also known as?

Answer 15

Halogens

Question 16

What happens as you go down the Group 7 elements?

Answer 16

They become less reactive, the m.p and b.p rises

Question 17

Why do Group 7 reduce in reactivity as they go down the group?

Answer 17

The more shells it has, the further the electrons are from the nucleus, the weaker the electrostatic forces of attraction are, Due to electron shielding and distance, this means it is harder to gain electrons

Question 18

What is shielding?

Answer 18

When inner electrons get in the way of the electrostatic forces of attraction between electrons and nucleus, meaning it’s easier to lose electrons and easier to gain them

Question 19

How does bio-leaching work?

Answer 19

It uses bacteria to separate Copper from Copper Sulfide, bacteria get energy from bond, the leachate (solution produced) contains copper