4. short-term sexual strategies

Question 1

two physiological evidence for short-term mating in men
-> sperm related

Answer 1

testicle size - .079 - in the middle of small and big
- evolved due to sperm competition
- more sperm = more short-term

variations in sperm production
- count increases with amount of time apart since last sexual encounter

Question 2

adaptive challenges for men
-> attraction-reduction hypothesis
-> closing time effect
-> regret differences

Answer 2

attraction-reduction hypothesis
- reduced commitment after having sex
- men with more sexual partners -> sharp decline in sexual attractiveness
- hasty post-copulatory departure tactic

closing time effect
- relaxation of standards when mating opportunities are limited

feeling regret over missed sexual opportunities
- men -> regret over missed opportunities -> SEXUAL OMISSION
- women -> regret over sexual actions -> SEXUAL COMMISSION

Question 3

behavioural evidence that men are more promiscuous

Answer 3

more extramarital affairs
use more prostitution
use social media + dating apps for hookups

Question 4

men potential costs

Answer 4

STDs
‘womaniser’ reputation
lower chance of offspring survival
violence at hands of women’s family
retaliatory affairs by wives

Question 5

women potential costs

Answer 5

short-term sexers are more masculine
promiscuous reputation
greater risk of physical + sexual abuse
pregnancy
resource removal by current partner
STDs

Question 6

1. women adaptive benefits for short-term mating

Answer 6

resources / good genes for children
mate switching / skill acquisition
manipulation of current mate

Question 7

2. women’s adaptive benefits short-term mating
   -> resource hypothesis

Answer 7

• meat-for-sex -> non-human primates
• paternity confusion
• bodyguard hypothesis
  extra protection
• elevated social standing by pairing up with a high-status male
• evidence
  women’s preferred qualities for a short-term mate
  extravagant lifestyle
  spends money on gifts

Question 8

2. women’s adaptive benefits short-term mating
   -> good genes hypothesis

Answer 8

• enhanced fertility
• sexy son hypothesis
  superior genes
• different genes
  hedge against environmental changes
• evidence
  masculine / muscular / confidence / dominance
  especially during most fertile peak -> short-term

Question 9

women signalling sexual interest

Answer 9

peak fertility -> more sexual outfits?
YES

Question 10

female organism adaption

Answer 10

• retains 5% more sperm
  more likely to be orgasmic with affair partner than the husband
• reported more frequent and earlier-times orgasms
  when mated to masculine and dominant men
• reported more frequent orgasms
  when mated to attractive men

Question 11

mate switching hypothesis

Answer 11

when do women start an affair?
- stops bringing resources, abuse, decline in mate value
- mate expulsion -> short-term affairs help women get rid of their long-term mate

Question 12

counter-adaption: unfaithfulness
-> mate guarding
-> sex differences in jealousy

Answer 12

sex differences in jealousy
- men are more upset when she has PASSIONATE SEX with another guy
- women are more upset when he forms an EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT

Question 13

contextual factors affecting women’s short-term mating

Answer 13

• father absence
  competition with mother for mate, more interested in short-term mating
• sex-ratios in society -> female-biased
• economic inequalities -> sexy selfie study
• sexual exploitability -> intoxicated
• one’s own mate value -> self-esteem
  lower self-esteem more casual sex