4 - Sexual Anatomy Flashcards
What is the vulva?
The female external genitals
Starting at the vagina, name structures radiating out laterally at the vulva
vagina
labium minor
Labium majora
If you were to follow a path from the vagina to the ovaries, what would be the structures along the way?
- Vagina
- Cervix (at entrance to uterus)
- Uterus
- Fallopian tube
- Ovaries
Where is the bartholin gland?
Just around the inner lips
Where is the fourchette?
The ‘bottom’ of the vagina
Where is the perineum?
The space between the vagina and anus or penis and anus
What are the three components of the clitoris?
- Tip
- Shaft
- Crura (two longer spongy bodies that lie deep in the body and run from tip to either sides of the vagina)
What are the vestibular bulbs?
Bulbs of the clitoris, two organs about the size and shape of pea pods. Erectile tissue, close to the crura of the clitoris
What is the mons pubis?
A rounded fatty pad of tissue at front of body on top of pubic bones
What are the labia?
Lips of vagina, rounded pads of fatty tissue
What forms the clitoral hood?
The inner lips (labia minora) coming together
Which labia is hairless, which is hairy?
Labia majora is hairy, labia minora is hairless
What forms the perimeter of the vulvar vestibule?
The labia
What is the hymen?
A thin membrane, which if present partially covers the vaginal opening. Also called cherry. Not a sign of virginity
What is an annular hymen?
A ‘normal’ hymen that is open in an even circle
What are two types of female circumcision?
Citoridectomy
Infibulation (The practice of excising the clitoris and labia of a girl and stitching together the edges of the vulva to prevent sexual intercourse)
What is the female skene’s gland equivalent to in the male?
Prostate gland
Skene’s gland is paraurethral. What does this mean?
Near the urethra.
What is the anatomical term for the womb?
Uterus
What is the cervix?
Narrow lower third of uterus
What is the fundus?
Top of uterus
What are the three layers of the uterus?
Endometrium
Myometrium
Perimetrium
True or false? Fallopian tubes are lined with cilia?
True
What section of the fallopian tube does fertilization usually occur in?
The infundibulum, section of tube closest to ovary
What are fimbria?
Fingerlike projections on end of fallopian tube
What are follicles of the ovaries?
Capsules that surround an egg
What is a speculum pelvic exam?
Where a spatula is inserted into cervix and a sample is taken from uterus
What is a bimanual pelvic exam?
Where a doctor uses his hands to feel in the vagina to cervix, looking for inflammation
What is a speculum?
A metal or plastic instrument that is used to dilate an orifice or canal in the body to allow inspection.
What type of cancer does HPV cause?
cervical cancer
What test looks for cervical cancer?
The Pap test
What is most often a treatment for cervical cancer?
hysterectomy
What is an aerola?
The area surrounding the nipple
What is a breast removal surgery called?
Radical mastectomy
What is the function of precum?
To neutralize the acidic male urethra
What is the glans?
The end, or tip of penis
What is the meatus?
The urethral opening of the penis, semen and urine pass through
What is the root of the penis?
Part of penis attached to the body
Which part of the penis is the erectile tissue that contains most of the blood during erection?
Corpora cavernosa. There are two of these filling the top two thirds of the shaft.
Where is the corpus spongiosum?
It surrounds the urethra in the shaft of the penis
What are some benefits of circumcision?
- Less likely to get urinary tract infections
- May transfer less HPV
- HIV infection risk lower
- No difference in sensitivity
What are the seminiferous tubules? Where are they located?
Longs series of threadlike tubes in testes, manufacture and store sperm.
What are interstitial cells (Leydig’s cells)?
Produce testosterone, found in connective tissue lying between the seminiferous tubules
What is the epididymis? Where is it?
Long tube coiled into a small crescent shaped region on the top and sides of the testis. Stores ripens and matures sperm
Where does the vas deferens connect to?
Goes from the epididymis to the urethra at the prostate gland. The seminal vesicle flows into the vas deferens just before it opens into the urethra.
What is the part of the vas deferens that travels through the prostate called?
The ejaculatory duct
What are the seminal vesicles? Where are they?
Two saclike structures that lie above the prostate, produce about 70% of seminal fluid.
What does the prostate do?
Secretes a milky alkaline fluid that is part of the ejaculate
Where are Cowper’s glands (bulbourethral glands)? Where do they empty into?
Below the prostate and empty into the urethra.
What is a function of the vestibulary bulbs around the clitoris?
Erectile tissue
