2 - Theoretical Perspectives Flashcards
What is the idea that some behaviours are a result of evolution called?
Sociobiology
What theory predicts that men will tend to invest more in their genetic children, rather than stepchildren?
Parental investment in sociobiology theory of human sexuality
What is sexual selection?
Selection that results from differences in traits affecting access to mates
Components are competition and selection
How is evolutionary psychology different from sociobiology?
How evolution has shaped the psychological mechanisms and the mind rather than how it has shaped sexual behaviour directly
What is Freud’s libido?
Sex energy or sex drive
What are the three components of a person’s personality according to Freud?
Id (pleasure principle)
Ego (reality)
Superego (conscience)
What is an erogenous zone?
A part of skin or mucous membrane particularly sensitive to touch
At what stage of Freud’s development theory does the Oedipus complex and electra complex emerge?
The phallic stage
What are Freud’s developmental stages in order?
Oral Anal Phallic Latent Genital
Is there a difference between clitoral orgasm and heterosexual intercourse orgasm? Which did Freud say was more ‘mature.’
No, Freud would say the intercourse orgasm was more mature though.
What is behaviour therapy?
A set of techniques based on principles of classical or operant conditioning used to modify human behaviour
Which theory of behaviour focuses on observational learning?
Social learning
What are two processes involved in social learning/observational learning?
imitation and identification
What is self-efficacy?
A sense of competence at performing an activity
Successful courting over time may lead to self-efficacy, widely used in designing health intervention programs, such as those that encourage condom use
What is social exchange theory?
A theory that assumes people will choose actions that maximize rewards and minimizes costs.
Often explains satisfaction, stability and change in relationships
