3 - Sex Research

Question 1

What are three implications for sex research?

Answer 1

social, economic and political

Question 2

“facts” and “truths” have implications because?

Answer 2

They show an implicity assumption that a single truth exists, in reality answers may involve more than one truth.

Question 3

What are five reasons to research sex?

Answer 3

• To gather information
• Develop or support a theory
• Promote social norms
• Inform policies/programs
• Understand, predict and control

Question 4

What is biased about ‘peers’ in public interest and social value driven research?

Answer 4

Often a select elite group with a political agenda

Question 5

Who claimed that masturbation was the root of all sexual deviance and portrayed sexual behaviour as pathological?

Answer 5

Richard Von Krafft-Ebing

Question 6

Who was Henry Havelock Ellis?

Answer 6

Studies sexual norms across cultures, emphasized variation in sexuality and influence of culture and society. Reported similar sexual responses among men and women

Question 7

What made Kinsey different from other sex researchers before him?

Answer 7

Applied statistics to sex research instead of personal observation.

Question 8

What two books did Alfred Kinsey publish about sexual behaviour?

Answer 8

sexual behaviour in the human male

sexual behaviour in the human female

Question 9

What type of research did Masters and Johnson conduct?

Answer 9

Physiological sex research, eg. orgasm and treatment of sexual dysfunction

Question 10

Masters and Johnson published Human Sexual Inadequacy and Human Sexual Response. Which one was about sex therapy and which one was about orgasms?

Answer 10

Human Sexual Inadequency was about sex therapy

Human Sexual Response featured the ‘10,000’ orgasms study

Question 11

What was the Hite Report?

Answer 11

Anecdotal and statistical information from about women.

Question 12

What is probability sampling?

Answer 12

Each member of the population has a known probability of being included in a sample.

Question 13

What is random sampling?

Answer 13

Each member of teh population has an equal change of being included in a sample

Question 14

What are five problems related to self-reports of sexual behaviour?

Answer 14

• Problem of refusal
• Purposeful distortion
• Social desirability, eg. presenting socially acceptable report of behaviour
• Memory
• Difficulties estimating time

Question 15

Masters and Johnson is an example of what methodology of research?

Answer 15

Laboratory study

Question 16

Humphrey’s tearoom trade is an example of what methodology of research?

Answer 16

Participant Obersver

Question 17

Viagra studies are an example of what sort of research?

Answer 17

Experimental research

Question 18

What is stratified random sampling?

Answer 18

Where a population is divided into groups and then sampled

Question 19

What is a convenience sample?

Answer 19

A sample chosen in a haphazard manner relative to the population of interest. Not a random or probability sample

Question 20

What is a purposeful distortion?

Answer 20

Purposely giving false information in a survey

Question 21

What is social desirability?

Answer 21

The tendency to distort answers to a survey in the direction perceived to be more acceptable.

Question 22

What is the method of test-retest reliability?

Answer 22

A method for testing whether self-reports are relaible or accurate. Participants are interviewed (or given a questionare) and then inverviewed a second time some time later to determine whether the answers are the same both times.

Question 23

What is an advantage of face to face interviews?

Answer 23

The interview can establish rapport and try to convince the participant to be honest.

Question 24

What are possible extraneous factors in sex research?

Answer 24

Gender, race or age of interviewer.

The wording of a question in questionnaires (framing effect)

Question 25

What is the justice principle?

Answer 25

An ethical principle in research which holds that the risks of participation should be distributed fairly across groups in society, as should the benefits.

Question 26

What is a Harms-benefits analysis?

Answer 26

An approach the analysing the ethics of a research study, based on weighing the harms of the research (such as stress to subjects) against the benefits

Question 27

Define incidence

Answer 27

The percentage of people giving a particular response

Question 28

Define frequency

Answer 28

How often a person does something