4- Samba Em Preludio - from Esperanzo

Question 1

Context

Answer 1

Composer: Roberto Baden Powell Aquino
Lyrics: Vinicius de Morase
Bossa Nova
Written in 1962
style is a mix of Brazilian Samba with jazz.
lyrics in Portuguese

Question 2

Melody

Answer 2

2 main melodies in this part
Verse 1
8 bar idea, repeated
first note of each phrase descends by a semitone in a long downwards sequence
Vocal line descends below female voice range to a low E
Rising Arpeggios bar 4
All phrases have a span of a seventh
bar 18 - jazzy flattened 5th
Verse 2
note values doubled
16 bar idea repeated
conjunct/ stepwise movement
Bar 23 - descending to leading note
Sequences
Harmonics, glissandos, portamento
Vocal range of a 10th low tessitura
Ornamented notes performed like acciaccatura but not written

Question 3

Articulation

Answer 3

-

Question 4

Dynamics

Answer 4

-

Question 5

Texture

Answer 5

intro - monophonic
double stopping
mostly homophonic
bar 89-104 polyphonic
Voice and bass duet verse is polyphonic
Bass part complicated which gives a polyphonic feel Contrapuntal

Question 6

Structure

Answer 6

• Two main part vocal sections (verse 1 and 2) plus solos
  Full structure: intro, verse, link, verse 2, guitar solo, verse 1 and 2 voice and bass duet, coda (outro)

Question 7

Harmony

Answer 7

tonal
complex - jazz and American popular song music influenced
Chord extensions 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th
Diminished 7ths and flattened 5th chord
Chromatic chords
Substitution chords
Descending chromatic movement (bar 30)
descending chromatic bassline
Cadences, perfect cadence

Question 8

Instruments

Answer 8

Female voice, acoustic guitar, acoustic bass guitar

Vocal line low in female range (using chest register)

• Double stopping in bass
  
  • The song uses a female voice, acoustic bass guitar and acoustic guitar
  • The vocal part is low in pitch for a female singer
  • The acoustic bass uses double stopping (playing multiple strings together)
  • It also uses harmonies
  • The acoustic bass is tuned just like the electric bass or double bass.
    In verse 1 the bass sounds like it is playing 2 parts, with a bass notes and alternating chords, like a ragtime piano.

Question 9

Rhythm, tempo, metre

Answer 9

syllabic
complex rhythms- triplets and semiquavers and rests
rubato used
free tempo
bossa Nova
4/4 quadruple time
syncopation
triplets and rests
longer note value in vocals
off beat
verse 1 slow tempo
verse 2 - faster tempo and rubato
cross rhythms

Question 10

Tonality

Answer 10

In B minor

Question 11

Chest register

Answer 11

Using the lower range of the voice

Question 12

Free time

Answer 12

no sense of time signature or beat

Question 13

Rubato

Answer 13

technique where the performer can pull back the tempo for expressive effect

Question 14

Leading note

Answer 14

the seventh note of a scale