4 Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards
What occurs during external respiration?
Gases are exchanged in the alveoli, between blood and lungs.
What is ventilation, in the context of respiration?
The movement of air in and out of the lungs.
How does respiratory gas transport occur?
Through the blood, which transports to the whole body.
What occurs during internal respiration?
Gaseous exchange occurs between blood and tissues
Oxygen (blood -> tissues)
CO2 (tissues -> blood)
What are the 4 functions of the respiratory system (processes involved in breathing in and out)?
1) Ventilation
2) External respiration
3) Respiratory gas transport
4) Internal respiration
What is the organisation of the respiratory tract? (9 items)
1) Nares/nose
2) Nasal cavity
3) Pharynx
4) Larynx
5) Trachea
6) Bronchi (primary, secondary, tertiary)
7) Bronchioles (terminal, respiratory)
8) Alveolar duct
9) Alveoli
What are the two structural divisions of the respiratory tract? What do they contain?
1) Upper
Nares -> Pharynx
2) Lower
Larynx -> Alveoli
What are the two functional divisions of the respiratory tract? Why are they referred to as such? What do they contain?
1) Conducting zone
No gas exchange occurs
Nares -> terminal bronchioles
2) Respiratory zone
Gas exchange occurs, “active” part
Respiratory bronchioles -> alveoli
What is the nares? What is it made up of?
External part of the nose, visible on the face.
Bone & hyaline cartilage. Covered by skin.
What is the range of the nasal cavity? What does it contain?
Vestibule -> choana (where passage begins to narrow on diagram)
Contains
- Coarse hair
- Sweat
- Glands
- conchae
- opening to sinuses/tear ducts
What are conchae? How many are there? What is their function?
Bony ridges in the nasal cavity.
3 ridges: superior, middle, inferior
Create turbulence in air
What are the depressions between conchae called? How many are there?
Meatuses.
3: superior, middle, inferior
