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Clinical Microscopy > (4) Physical Examination of Urine (notes only) (RVSP) > Flashcards

(4) Physical Examination of Urine (notes only) (RVSP) Flashcards

0
Q

Major pigment in urine

A

Urobilin

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1
Q

3 pigments in urine

A

Urochrome
Uroerythrin
Urobilin

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2
Q

Pathologic cause of clear red urine

A

Hemoglobinuria

Myoglobinuria

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3
Q

Non-pathologic cause for clear red urine

A

Medication
Diet
Contamination

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4
Q

Pathologic cause for cloudy red urine

A

Hematuria

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5
Q

Non-patholgic cause for cloudy red urine

A

Menstrual contamination

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6
Q

Pathologic cause for portwine red urine

A

Porphyrin (lead poisoning, altered Hb synthesis)

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7
Q

Non-pathologic cause for portwine red urine

A

Medication
Diet
Contamination

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8
Q

Pathologic cause for dark yellow to amber urine

A

Bilirubin

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9
Q

Non-pathologic cause for dark yellow to amber urine

A

Concentrated urine

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10
Q

Pathologic cause for yellow-green urine

A

Oxidation of bilirubin

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11
Q

Non-pathologic cause for yellow-green urine

A

Contamination

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12
Q

Pathologic causes for blue-green urine

A

Pseudomonas infection

Melanin

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13
Q

Non-pathologic causes for blue-green urine

A

Medication

Diet

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14
Q

Pathologic causes for brown to black urine

A 
Homogentisic acid (alkaptonuria)
Methemoglobin (acidification)
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15
Q

Non-pathologic causes for brown to black urine

A

Medication (Metronidazole)

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16
Q

Pathologic causes for ambnormal clarity of urine

A 
Bacteria
Renal epithelial cells
RBC
Abnormal crystals
WBC
Lipids
Lymph fluid
Yeast
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17
Q

Non-pathologic causes for abnormal clarity of urine

A 
Fecal contamination
Mucus threads
Normal crystals
Radiographic contrast med.
Semen
Squamous epithelial cells
Talcum powder
Vaginal creams
18
Q

Presence of pus cells in urine

A

Pyuria

19
Q

Methods for specific gravity determination

A

Urinometer
Harmonic Oscillation Densitometry
Refractometer
Reagent strip

20
Q

Scale reading in urinometer

A

Lower meniscus

21
Q

Calibration temperature for urinometer

A

20°C

22
Q

Frequency of a sound wave entering a solution changes in proportion to the density of the solution

A

Harmonic Oscillation Densitometry

23
Q

Determines the conc of dissolved particles by measuring the refractive index

A

Refractometer

24
Q

Value for isosthenuria

A

1.010

25
Q

Value for hypersthenuria

A

> 1.010

26
Q

Value for hyposthenuria

A

<1.010

27
Q

Normal odor of urine

A

Aromatic

28
Q

Causes foul, ammonia-like odor of urine

A

Bacterial decomposition, UTI

29
Q

Causes fruity/sweet odor of urine

A

Ketones

30
Q

Caues maple syrup odor of urine

A

MSUD

31
Q

Causes mousy odor of urine

A

Phenylketonuria

32
Q

Causes rancid odor of urine

A

Tyrosinemia

33
Q

Causes sweaty feet odor of urine

A

Isovaleric acidemia

34
Q

Causes cabbage odor of urine

A

Methionine malabsorption

35
Q

Causes bleach odor of urine

A

Contamination

36
Q

Odor caused by bacterial decomposition or UTI

A

Foul, ammonia-like

37
Q

Odor caused by ketones

A

Sweet, fruity

38
Q

Odor caused MSUD

A

Maple syrup

39
Q

Odor caused by phenylketonuria

A

Mousy

40
Q

Odor caused by tyrosinemia

A

Rancid

41
Q

Odor caused by isovaleric acidemia

A

Sweaty feet

42
Q

Odor caused by methionine malabsorption

A

Cabbage

43
Q

Odor caused by contamination

A

Bleach

Clinical Microscopy (11 decks)

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