4: Lipids

Question 1

heterogenous group of compounds including fats, oils, waxes, and other compounds related based on their physical properties

Answer 1

Lipids

Question 2

liquid at normal room temperature except Theobroma Cacao

Answer 2

Fatty or Fixed Oils

Question 3

semi-solid or solid at room temperature except cod liver oil

Answer 3

Fats

Question 4

storage form of energy and are metabolic regulators

Answer 4

Lipids

Question 5

Serve as thermal insulators

Answer 5

Lipids

Question 6

3 Classifications of Lipids

Answer 6

Simple Lipids
Complex Lipids
Precursors and Derived Lipids

Question 7

esters of fatty acids w/ various alcohols

Answer 7

Simple Lipids

Question 8

esters of fatty acids with glycerol

Answer 8

Fats

Question 9

esters of fatty acids with higher molecular weight

Answer 9

Waxes

Question 10

esters of fatty acids containing groups in addition to alcohol and fatty acids

Answer 10

Complex Lipids

Question 11

lipid containing fatty acids and alcohols. a phosphoric acid residue

Answer 11

Phospholipids

Question 12

Lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrates

Answer 12

Glycolipids

Question 13

aliphatic CA (carboxylic acid) that occurs mainly as esters in natural fats and oils

Answer 13

Fatty Acids

Question 14

unesterified form of fatty acids

Answer 14

Free Fatty Acids

Question 15

usually straight chain derivatives that contains an even number of carbon atoms and can be saturated or unsaturated

Answer 15

Fatty Acids

Question 16

usually seen in 14-24 chains in biological systems that are all single bonds

Answer 16

Saturated Fatty Acids

Question 17

most common number of carbon fatty acid chain

Answer 17

16-18

Question 18

fatty acid carbon chains with double bonds

Answer 18

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Question 19

unsaturated fatty acids containing only one double bond

Answer 19

Monounsaturated

Question 20

unsaturated fatty acids containing two or more double bonds

Answer 20

Polyunsaturated

Question 21

3 ways of Identification of Fats and Oils

Answer 21

Saponification Number
Iodine Number
Acid Number

Question 22

no. of mg of KOH required to saponify the free and combined fatty acids in 1g of a given fat

Answer 22

Saponification Number

Question 23

indicates the molecular weight of fats/oils and is inversely proportional to it

Answer 23

Saponification Number

Question 24

no. of g of iodine absorbed by 100g of fat

Answer 24

Iodine Number

Question 25

measure of degree of unsaturation of fat

Answer 25

Iodine Number

Question 26

no. of mg of KOH required to neutralize the fatty acid in 1g of fat

Answer 26

Acid number

Question 27

indicates the degree of rancidity of fats

Answer 27

Acid Number

Question 28

When fatty acids react with base to form salt or soap

Answer 28

Salt formation

Question 29

fatty acids with phosphorus halides to acyl halides

Answer 29

Formation of Halides

Question 30

fatty acids react with alcohol in the presence of a strong acid to ester (triglycerides)

Answer 30

Formation of Esters

Question 31

unsaturated fatty acids undergoes through this in the presence of reducing agents to form saturated fatty acids

Answer 31

Reduction of Hydrogenation

Question 32

when triglycerides interact with the lipase enzyme in the digestive tract of an animal to give fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 32

Hydrolysis

Question 33

triglycerides hydrolized by alkalis obtaining sodium or potassium salts that are then called soaps

Answer 33

Saponification

Question 34

glycerol + salts of fatty acids

Answer 34

Saponification

Question 35

when unsaturated glycerides react with hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst to give saturated gycerides

Answer 35

Hydrogenation

Question 36

capability of fats and oils of adding halogens

Answer 36

Halogenation

Question 37

that determines the degree of unsaturation

Answer 37

Halogenation