3: Proteins

Question 1

compounds of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen and sometimes may also contain sulfur and phosphorus

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

building blocks and basic unit of proteins

Answer 2

Amino Acids

Question 3

2 Categories of Amino Acids

Answer 3

Essential

Non-Essential

Question 4

amino acids that must be present in the diet for the cannot be synthesized by the body

Answer 4

Essential Amino Acids

Question 5

substances that are foreign to the body

Answer 5

xenobiotics

Question 6

amino acids that can be synthesized by the body

Answer 6

Non-Essential Amino Acids

Question 7

2 Classifications of Proteins

Answer 7

Fibrous

Globular

Question 8

often structural and are mainly found in the integumentary system

Answer 8

Fibrous Proteins

Question 9

polypeptide chains are arranged parallel in forming long sheets of fibers

Answer 9

Fibrous Proteins

Question 10

fibrous protein that makes up the bones, skins, tendons, ang cartilage and gives their tensile strength

Answer 10

Collagen

Question 11

most abundant fibrous protein in vertebrates

Answer 11

Collagen

Question 12

sensitive type of fibrous protein that is denatured through boiling

Answer 12

Collagen

Question 13

fibrous protein that makes up the outermost layer of the skin, hair, nails, scales, hooves, and feathers

Answer 13

Keratin

Question 14

primary protein in the integumentary system and protects the body against the environment

Answer 14

Keratin

Question 15

completely insoluble to water and is an extremely stable protein that it is able to resist the action of proteolytic enzymes

Answer 15

Keratin

Question 16

fibrous protein that plays a major role in giving strength and rigidity to the skin

Answer 16

Keratin

Question 17

metabolite fibrous protein that is converted into fibrin responsible for blood clotting

Answer 17

Fibrinogen

Question 18

insoluble protein forming clots

Answer 18

Fibrin

Question 19

fibrous protein responsible for muscle contraction by combining with actin

Answer 19

Muscle Protein

Question 20

spherical proteins that are highly soluble and plays a focused role in the body’s metabolism

Answer 20

Globular Proteins

Question 21

tightly folded polypeptide chains

Answer 21

Globular Proteins

Question 22

globular protein that is most abundant in animal cells, blood serum, milk, and eggs

Answer 22

Albumin and Globulin

Question 23

globular protein that carries the oxygen throughout the body and gives the blood its bright red color

Answer 23

Hemoglobin

Question 24

type of anemia where the RBCs inflate until it explodes

Answer 24

Megaloblastic Anemia

Question 25

anemia from lack of iron

Answer 25

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Question 26

most dangerous and complicated type of anemia

Answer 26

Pernicious anemia

Question 27

globular protein that is the cause of the sickle cell anemia

Answer 27

Hemoglobin S

Question 28

globular protein that serve as catalyst for chemical reactions by combing with other substances

Answer 28

Enzymes

Question 29

primarily responsible for the metabolism that triggers and controls

Answer 29

Enzymes

Question 30

transfer of hydrogen and oxygen atoms or electrons from one substrate to another

Answer 30

Oxidoreductase

Question 31

reduces oxygen

Answer 31

Oxidoreductase

Question 32

transfers a specific group from one substrate to another

Answer 32

Transferases

Question 33

performs hydrolysis of substrate causing chemical reactions to stop

Answer 33

Hydrolases

Question 34

non-hydrolytic removal or addition of a group to a substrate

Answer 34

Lyases

Question 35

joining of 2 molecules by the formation of new bonds

Answer 35

Ligases

Question 36

change of the molecular form of the substrate

Answer 36

Isomerase

Question 37

protein from the endocrine glands that stimulate target organs to initiate or control activities

Answer 37

Protein Hormones

Question 38

produced by the langerhan cells that regulates carbohydrate metabolism by controlling the blood glucose level

Answer 38

Insulin

Question 39

from the thyroid that is responsible for growth and development as well as overall metabolism

Answer 39

Thyroglobulin

Question 40

dwarfism

Answer 40

Hypothyroidism

Question 41

giantism

Answer 41

Hyperthyroidism

Question 42

induces growth of blood vessels determined in mid 1980s

Answer 42

Angiogenin

Question 43

produced by the thyroid and performs synergistically with calcium in lowering the blood's calcium levels

Answer 43

Calcitonin

Question 44

immunoglobulins

Answer 44

Antibodies

Question 45

proteins that protect the body against antigens or body-invading organisms or substances

Answer 45

Antibodies

Question 46

antibodies found in body fluids

Answer 46

IgA

Question 47

antibodies that are part of the B-Cell receptors and binds to approaching allergens by activating basophils and mast cells

Answer 47

IgD

Question 48

antibodies against parasitic worms allergic reactions

Answer 48

IgE

Question 49

antibodies most abundant in the body produced by the plasma cells and are able to cross placenta into the fetus

Answer 49

IgG

Question 50

largest antibodies that are able to penetrate various organs and is responsible for the early stages of immunity

Answer 50

IgM

Question 51

hollow tubes that make up the cilia and flagella responsible for the locomotion of prokaryotes

Answer 51

Microtubules

Question 52

provide receptors or channels for polar or charged molecules to pass through the cell membrane

Answer 52

Membrane Proteins

Question 53

loss of conformation / breakdown (ph eme eme)

Answer 53

Denaturation

Question 54

regaining of biological activity via self-assembly

Answer 54

Renaturation