1: Introduction to Biochemistry (Cells)

Question 1

study of chemistry of living organisms including substances and chemical reactions as well as chemical interactions

Answer 1

Biochemistry

Question 2

study of biological processes that take place in cells of organisms

Answer 2

Biochemistry

Question 3

study of properties of biological molecules

Answer 3

Biochemistry

Question 4

inorganic substances that are found in the body such as water and inorganic salts

Answer 4

Bio-inorganic

Question 5

organic chemicals and substances found in the body

Answer 5

Bio-organic

Question 6

% of water in the body

Answer 6

70%

Question 7

% of inorganic salts

Answer 7

5%

Question 8

% of carbohydrates in the body

Answer 8

2%

Question 9

% of lipids in the body

Answer 9

8%

Question 10

% of proteins in the body

Answer 10

15%

Question 11

% of nucleic acids in the body

Answer 11

2%

Question 12

unicellular organisms without nucleus

Answer 12

Prokaryotes

Question 13

cells with nucleu

Answer 13

Eukaryotes

Question 14

breaks down complex substances to simpler molecules

Answer 14

Enzymes

Question 15

amphipathic molecules with hydrophilic heads and lipophilic tails

Answer 15

Lipid bilayer (Membrane Lipids)

Question 16

2 types of membrane proteins

Answer 16

Integral Proteins

Peripheral Proteins

Question 17

proteins immersed within the lipid bilayer and act as enzymes and transport carriers for ions and water soluble substances

Answer 17

Integral Proteins

Question 18

proteins outside the cell membrane that allow the cell to communicate with each other

Answer 18

Peripheral Proteins

Question 19

exists in combination with lipids and proteins

Answer 19

Membrane Carbohydrates

Question 20

protects the cytoplasm and organelles

Answer 20

Cell Membrane

Question 21

Semi-permeable membrane that only permits some substances to pass either direction and forms a barrier for other substances

Answer 21

Cell Membrane

Question 22

internal volume bounded by the plasma membrane that is a clear fluid in which particles and organelles are suspended

Answer 22

Cytoplasm

Question 23

responsible for production and synthesis of substances necessary for cell function

Answer 23

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 24

protein synthesis with ribosomes

Answer 24

Rough ER

Question 25

lipid synthesis

Answer 25

Smooth ER

Question 26

stores and releases calcium ions for muscle contraction

Answer 26

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

the "factory house" of the cell with substances are "repacked" for cellular functions

Answer 27

Golgi Complex

Question 28

responsible for the metabolism of waste products without oxygen

Answer 28

Lysosomes

Question 29

metabolism of waste through oxidation

Answer 29

Perixosomes

Question 30

powerhouse of the cell

Answer 30

Mitochondria

Question 31

carries the genetic information of the cell

Answer 31

Nucleus

Question 32

detoxifies calcium blockages and xenobiotics in blood vessels of liver and kidneys

Answer 32

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Question 33

salivary protein that breaks down sucrose in the saliva

Answer 33

Amylase

Question 34

suicide bag of the cell

Answer 34

Lysosomes

Question 35

provides shape and protective barrier to the cell

Answer 35

Cytoskeleton

Question 36

organized structure of DNA and RNA ass well as proteins involved in ribosomal RNA

Answer 36

Nucleolus

Question 37

responsible for both replication and transcription of DNA

Answer 37

Nucleolus

Question 38

DNA to DNA

Answer 38

replication

Question 39

DNA to RNA

Answer 39

transcription

Question 40

RNA to protein

Answer 40

Translation

Question 41

organic molecules that can be macros or smaller ones

Answer 41

Biomolecules

Question 42

Chxm: Carbohydrates

Answer 42

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

Question 43

Chxm: Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Answer 43

C H O N

Question 44

source of fuel and energy and aids in proper functioning of the brains

Answer 44

Carbohydrates

Question 45

have varying specific functions and makes up the basic foundations of an organism

Answer 45

Proteins

Question 46

stored energy that composes structural membranes forming a barrier and controls the flow of materials in and out of the cell

Answer 46

Lipids

Question 47

METABOLISM OF ALCOHOL

Answer 47

alcohol - (alcohol dehydrogenase) - acetaldehyde - (aldehyde dehydrogenase) - acetic acid CH3COOH - acetate CH3COO

Question 48

organ responsible for metabolism of alcohol

Answer 48

Liver