4 Key Terms

Question 1

Core

Answer 1

Earth’s innermost layer.

Question 2

Cratons

Answer 2

Ancient, large, and stable parts of the earth’s continental crust.

Question 3

Crust

Answer 3

The surface and outermost layer of the earth.

Question 4

Emplacement

Answer 4

A geologic process that delivers materials (sometimes diamonds) to the surface.

Question 5

Igneous rock

Answer 5

A category of rocks formed from a molten state.

Question 6

Kimberlite

Answer 6

An igneous rock that transports diamonds to the surface.

Question 7

Lamproite

Answer 7

An igneous rock, rarer than kimberlite, that transports diamonds to the surface.

Question 8

Mantle

Answer 8

Layer between the earth’s crust and its core.

Question 9

Metamorphic rock

Answer 9

A category of rocks that have been altered by heat and pressure.

Question 10

Pipe

Answer 10

A deep vertical formation at the earth’s surface that results from a kimberlite or lamproite emplacement.

Question 11

Subduction

Answer 11

Process in which two crustal plates collide, forcing one under the other.