4. Geomorphology, Surficial Processes, and Quaternary Geology Flashcards
What is geomorphology?
The study of landforms and the processes that shape them.
What is the difference between physical and chemical weathering?
Physical breaks down rocks without changing composition; chemical alters minerals through reactions.
What is mass wasting?
The downslope movement of soil and rock due to gravity.
What landform is created by glacial erosion?
U-shaped valleys, fjords, and cirques.
What is loess?
Wind-blown silt deposits that create fertile soils.
What is permafrost?
Soil that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years.
What are the three types of stream drainage patterns?
Dendritic, radial, and trellis.
What is an alluvial fan?
A cone-shaped deposit of sediment formed where a stream exits a mountain range.
What causes desertification?
Overgrazing, deforestation, and climate change.
What epoch is known for repeated glaciations?
The Pleistocene Epoch.
