4-epithelial Tissue

Question 1

A diverse group of cells with an ordered structure working together for a common function

Answer 1

Tissue

Question 2

4 types of tissue

Answer 2

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 3

Basic characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

• Covers body surface, lines body cavities and form glands (skin, airways, digestive lining and urinary tract lining)
• Closely packed cells- little extracellular materials
• Cells are joined by specialized cell-to-cell junctions

Question 4

• Basement membrane

Answer 4

• Separates epithelium from underlying connective tissue

• It is a non-cellular membrane comprised
of polysaccharide rich membrane

• Acts as a sieve to prevent materials from
entering the body

Question 5

Avascular- cells completely lack bloody supply

Highly regenerative

Free surface is the apical side and the bound surface is the basolateral side

Answer 5

Epithelial Tissue

Question 6

Function 1 of epithelial tissue

Answer 6

• Secretion: Eg. Digestive tract involved in high secretion activity

Question 7

Function 2 of epithelial tissue

Answer 7

• Selective absorption: First contact with materials and allow them to be
absorbed

Question 8

Function 3 of epithelial tissue

Answer 8

• Protection: Specialized epithelium to protect internal tissues including
connective tissue (Eg. Skin)

Question 9

Function 4 of the epithelial tissue

Answer 9

• Transcellular transport: Specialized cells aid the movement of
substances from cell to cell through a certain distance (Eg. Mucus)

Question 10

Function 5 of epithelial tissue

Answer 10

• Detection of sensation: First layer with outer environment to detect
sensation along with nerve cells

Question 11

Epithelial cell shapes

Answer 11

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 12

Epithelial layers

Answer 12

Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified
Transitional

Question 13

Epithelial tissue specialization

Answer 13

Keratin
Microvilli
Cilia

Question 14

Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 14

• Make up the alveoli (air sacs of the lung
• Make up the lining of all blood vessels and capillaries (endothelium)
• Make up various membranes within the body (peritoneum)
• Glomerulus of kidney

Question 15

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 15

• Make up the collecting tubules of the kidney, liver, pancreas, thyroid and other glands of the body
• Synthesis of hormones and secretion

Question 16

Simple columnar epithelium

ciliated

Answer 16

Makes up the lining of the ovary ducts (fallopian tubes)

Question 17

Simple columnar microvilli epithelium with goblet cells

Answer 17

Makes up the lining of the intestine (secrete mucus)

Question 18

Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 18

Located in areas of body subjected to abrasion

Question 19

Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 19

• Keratinizing Stratified squamous epithelium- Skin

* Non-keratinizing Stratified squamous epithelium- tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, vagina

Question 20

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 20

Secretes sweat, ovarian hormones and sperm

Question 21

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 21

Sweat glands, salivary glands, ovarian follicles and seminiferous tubules

Question 22

Stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 22

Are rare. Located in the largest ducts of salivary glands (parotid, submandibular).

Question 23

Stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 23

The basal layer of cells are cuboidal cells and the layer nearest the apical surface includes columnar cells. The large droplets are mucus, in Goblet cells.

Question 24

This also illustrates the fact that epithelia are classified according to the cells nearest the

Answer 24

Lumen

Question 25

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells:

Answer 25

• Makes up the lining of the respiratory tract

* Secrete mucus, move mucus, trap foreign particles

Question 26

Transitional epithelium

Answer 26

Makes up the lining of the urinary bladder and the ureter

Question 27

Transitional epithelium

Answer 27

Stratified tissue becomes stretched as the urinary bladder becomes filled with urine (distention)