3-Ovulation, Fertilization...

Question 1

Late primary follicle

Answer 1

• multilaminar now called granulosa cells

Question 2

Gel-like substance rich in GAGs

Answer 2

Zona pellucida

Question 3

• ovulation to implantation
• embryonic period
• fetal stage

Answer 3

Prenatal develop

Question 4

First 8 weeks

Answer 4

Embryonic period

Question 5

8 weeks till birth

Answer 5

Fetal stage

Question 6

In ovulationThe secondary follicle grows rapidly under the influence

Answer 6

of FSH and LH

Question 7

Meiosis II is initiated but the Oocyte is arrested in

Answer 7

Metaphase

Question 8

High concentration of LH increases

Answer 8

Collagenase activity

Question 9

Stimulates production of progesterone by follicular stromal cells

Answer 9

Luteinization

Question 10

increase in response to LH and cause local muscular contractions in the ovarian wall.

Answer 10

Prostaglandin

Question 11

Corpus luteum are yellowish which are developed under the effect of which hormone and secrete progesterone?

Answer 11

LH

Question 12

What causes the uterine mucosa to enter the secretory phase ( preparation for implantation)?

Answer 12

Progesterone

Question 13

The oocyte is viable for how many hours?

Answer 13

12-24 hours

Question 14

The sperm is viable for how much hours?

Answer 14

24-72 hours

Question 15

For fertilization to occur, coitus must occur no more than

Answer 15

• Three days before ovulation

* 24 hours after ovulation

Question 16

when a sperm fuses with an egg to form a zygote

Answer 16

Fertilization

Question 17

Capacitation

Answer 17

a period of conditioning in the female reproductive tract.

Question 18

In human lasts approximately 7 hrs.

Answer 18

Capacitation

Question 19

Capacitation

Answer 19

Occurs more in the uterine tube

Question 20

Capacitation

Answer 20

Epithelial interactions between the sperm and mucosal surface of the tube

Question 21

glycoprotein coat and seminal plasma proteins are removed from the plasma membrane that overlies the acrosomal region of the spermatozoa.

Answer 21

During the time of capacitation

Question 22

An ovulated oocyte is encapsulated by:

Answer 22

• The corona radiata and zona pellucida

* Extracellular matrix

Question 23

Hundreds of acrosomes release their enzymes to digest the

Answer 23

Zona pellucida

Question 24

Once a sperm makes contact with the oocyte’s membrane:

Answer 24

• Beta protein finds and binds to receptors on the oocyte membrane
• Alpha protein causes it to insert into the membrane

Question 25

increase in cellular respiration and protein synthesis in egg

Answer 25

Egg activation

Question 26

Only one sperm is allowed to penetrate the oocyte

Answer 26

Block to poly spermy

Question 27

Completion of Meiosis II

Answer 27

Upon entry of sperm

Question 28

when the pronuclei come together

Answer 28

Fertilization

Question 29

The first cleavage produces two daughter cells called

Answer 29

blastomeres

Question 30

the 16 or more cell stage (72 hours old)

Answer 30

Morula

Question 31

the preembryo consists of 100 or so cells (blastocyst)

Answer 31

By the fourth or fifth day

Question 32

a fluid-filled hollow sphere composed of: • A single layer of trophoblasts • An inner cell mass

Answer 32

Blastocyst

Question 33

take part in placenta formation

Answer 33

Trophoblasts

Question 34

becomes the embryonic disc

Answer 34

The inner cell mass

Question 35

Implanting blastocyst

Answer 35

6 days

Question 36

Implantation of the Blastocyst

Answer 36

Begins six to seven days after ovulation when the trophoblasts adhere to a properly prepared endometrium

Question 37

Syncytiotrophoblast

Answer 37

cells in the outer layer that lose their plasma membranes and invade the endometrium secret human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 38

Implantation is completed by

Answer 38

the fourteenth day after ovulation

Question 39

Viability of the corpus luteum is maintained by

Answer 39

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secreted by the trophoblasts

Question 40

hCG prompts the corpus luteum to continue to secrete

Answer 40

progesterone and estrogen

Question 41

Between the second and third month, the placenta:

Answer 41

* Assumes the role of progesterone and estrogen production | * Is providing nutrients and removing wastes

Question 42

The most common form of human ectopic pregnancy is described as a

Answer 42

tubal | pregnancy (implantation occurs within the uterine tube).

Question 43

Ectopic pregnancies are therefore often identified by

Answer 43

early ultrasound scans.

Question 44

• The risk factors for tubal ectopic pregnancy include:

Answer 44

* Tubal damage by infection (particularly Chlamydia trachomatis) or surgery, smoking and in vitro fertilization therapy. * Prolonged tubal damage is often described as pelvic inflammatory disease and , can affect the cilia- mediated transport of the blastocyst during the first week of development.