#4. Emergency Care Flashcards
First crucial step in proper injury management?
On the field assesment
What does the primary survey include?
Determine the presence of life-threatening injuries of conditions.
What does the secondary survey include?
Determines the presence of other issues that are not life threatening NOW but may become so.
What 3 questions do you ask yourself in a primary survey?
- Is the scene safe?
- LOC
- A (airway), B (breathing), C (circulation)
If the patient is determined to unconscious, what is the first thing you do?
Stabilize the spine if necessary.
If the patient is conscious, what is the next step after performing a secondary survey?
Vital signs, history, musculoskeletal, evaluation
When you are bleeding out or have internal bleeding or when the vasculature dilates and blood pools you can go into _______ shock.
hypovolemic
5 life threatening conditions?
A,B,Cs, deadly bleeding, and shock
If an athlete is unwilling to more or cant support their own body weight, what should you do?
Call 911.
What is it called when the heart is not able to exert enough pressure to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs?
shock
Type of shock: decrease in blood volume and pressure
hypololemic
Type of shock: lungs cannot supply enough oxygen
respiratory
Type of shock: dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to CNS trauma
neurogenic
Type of shock: complication of untreated diabetes or extreme loss of bodily fluid
metabolic
Type of shock: temporary dilation of blood vessels decreases normal amount of blood to brain (syncope) -eg. when you see something and pass out
psychogenic
Type of shock: when the heart is incapable of circulating blood
cardiogenic
Type of shock: severe bacterial infection - eg. burst appendix
septic
Type of shock: dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to allergic reaction - hypotensive but tachycardic
anaphylactic
What does it mean if someone is crying blood?
BAD cranial bleed
If there is deadly bleeding and they need CPR what do you do first?
Stop the bleeding.
_____ bleeding is dark red and has continuous flow
venous
______ bleeding bubbles up and exudes reddish flow
capillary
______ bleeding is bright red and has a spurting flow.
arterial
How do you manage bleeding?
REDS - rest, elevate, direct pressure, treat for shock
What are the 5 vital signs?
- Pulse
- Blood Pressure
- Breathing Rate (dont tell them your checking this)
- Skin Temperature and Colour
- Pupils
What is a basic neurological exam consist of?
M.S.C. - motor sensory circulation
How do you check and rate level of consciousness?
AVPU - awake, responsive to verbal stimulation, responds to painful stimulation, unresponsive
If someone is conscious what do you do next? If they are unconscious what do you do next?
Conscious - SAMPLE followed by vitals
Unconscious - vitals
What does S.A.M.P.L.E. stand for?
Signs/symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent past history, last oral intake, events leading to injury or illness.
Normal respiration rate for adults and children?
Adult: 12-20 breaths/minute
Child: 16-30 breaths/minute
What is anisocoria?
asymmetric pupils - normal in 20% of population
_______ is pressure at contraction and ________ is pressure at fill/rest.
systolic; diastolic
What are the motor, sensory, and circulation components of a basic neurological test?
Motor: grip and limb strength, wiggle toes/fingers
Sensory: numbness and tingling, can the feel touch
Circulation: pinch nail beds
