4. DSA Biomolecules

Question 1

What bonds are used in starch to form branches?

Answer 1

alpha 1-6

Question 2

Lactose is made of what two monosaccarides?

Answer 2

Glucose and Galactose

Question 3

What are two examples of Oligosaccharides given in the material?

Answer 3

Glycolipids and Glycoproteins

Question 4

Where might sugar esters be found?

Answer 4

The gangliosides in an oligodendrocyte (nervous system)

Question 5

Starch is made up of what two polysaccharides?

Answer 5

Amylose (no branching) and Amylopectin (branching every 12-20 residues)

Question 6

What are Acetylated Amino Sugars used for in a cell?

Answer 6

Cell signaling, cell adhesion, immuno response. (Think N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine for a popular example)

Question 7

How often does glycogen branch?

Answer 7

Every 6-10 residues

Question 8

What are two common omega-6 fatty acids?

Answer 8

Arachidonate and Linoleic acid

Question 9

What can cause Gallstones?

Answer 9

Nonideal bile composition (including too much cholesterol and too little bile salts)

Question 10

What is a common omega-3 fatty acid?

Answer 10

Linolenic acid

Question 11

What is Deoxyaldose found in?

Answer 11

Component of DNA

Question 12

What might sugar alcohols be used for?

Answer 12

Food additives / Artificial Sweeteners.

Question 13

What are isoprenoids synthesized from? (and what intermediate is used?)

Answer 13

Acetyl CoA via IPP (Isopentenyl pyrophosphate)

Question 14

What range is considered normal for blood glucose?

Answer 14

70-100 mg/dl - Fasting ≤ 140 mg/dl - Fed