4. Communist dictatorship Flashcards
1
Q
early months of rule
A
- survived by ruthless action
- overcame strikes and protests by working class who prefered Soviet rule.
- established B-dominated gov (sovnarkom)
- prevented other groups from shwring power
- Constituent assembly dissolved
- treay gave peace to allow survival
2
Q
decrees oct 1917
A
- max 8h work day
- social insurance = old age, health + unemp benefits.
- opp press ban
- land decree
- peace decree
3
Q
decrees nov 1917
A
- decree on nationalities
- abolition of class titles and ranks
- workers control of fatories
- abolition of old legal system
- woman equality w/ men to own property
4
Q
decrees dec 1917
A
- cheka est.
- banks nationalised
- army placed under control of army societ + soldiers committes, officers elected, ranks abloished
- marriage + divorce taken out chuches hands
- church land nationalised
5
Q
decrees jan 1918
A
- workers control of railways
- creation of Red ARmy
- church and state separtared
6
Q
decrees feb 1918
A
- nationalisation of industry
- socialisation of land
7
Q
1918 contitution structure
A
- july 1918, passed by 5th ARCOS
- first soviet contitution
- vote to ‘toilers’ reguardless sex and nationality.
- vote not given to employers of hired labour, people living on unearned income, kulaks, priests, former Tsarist officials, officers in the White armies.
- set up the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republics (RSFSR)
8
Q
1918 constitution - supreme power
A
- vested in ARCOS
- elections - 1 deputy per 25k city voters, in provinces 1 per 125k inhabitance
- skewed towards towns and cities where B’s could count on support.
9
Q
what did the 1918 constitution grant?
A
- right of citizenship to all workers
- freedom of speech, opinion + assembly to workers.
- citizens had obligation to work ‘he that does not work, neither shall he eat’
- obligation citizens to serve in military in defence of republic
- aboloished discrimination on race and nationality
10
Q
1918 constitutions - limitations
A
- workers vote weighted in propertion to 5-1 of peasant vote
- congress only met in intervals - executive authority w/ sovnarkom
- structure - contralised, real focus of power = the party.
11
Q
Russian CW
dates
A
1918-20
12
Q
Russian CW
What circumstances caused the ‘Whites’ creation?
A
- anger at concessions of Brest-Litovsk treaty merged w/ existing political opposition.
- patriotic russians wanted to stop break up of russia, nationality decree helped.
- june 1918 - 33 separated govs in Russia
13
Q
Russian CW
Why did Britain, France and USA (wartime allies) give support to whites?
A
- ideological, capitalism opposed communism
- desire to force russia back into fight against germany in WW!
- defend own interests since B’s refused to pay back money borrowed in tsarist times + nationalised foreign-owned industries.
14
Q
Russian CW
spring 1918
A
- anti-B Volenteer Army created in south, partly financed by germany
- anticipation of growing theat, B’s moved capital from Petrograd to Moscow march 1918
15
Q
Russian CW
Conflict w/ Czech Legion
A
- Czech legion formed from Czech natioanlistics during war against germany and austria-hungary.
- 1918 - 45k soliders
- march ‘18 - B’s gave permission to travel to western front to fight enemies.
- may travelling along trans-siberian railway, soem b officials ried to arrest + fight broke out
- siexed railway lines thru much of west siberia
- joined forced w/ anti-B and advanced towards moscow
