4- clinical anatomy of upper limb Flashcards
what nerve roots does musculocutaneous nerve arise from?
C5,6,7
what nerve roots does axillary nerve arise from?
C5,6
what nerve roots do the radial & median nerves arise from?
radial = C6,7,8
median = C6,7,8, T1
what nerve roots does ulnar nerve arise from?
C8, T1
what nerve is likely damaged in shoulder dislocation or neck humerus fracture?
axillary nerve
what is sensory deficit if damaged axillary nerve?
regimental patch/ badge patch numbness (superolateral aspect of arm)
what is motor deficit if damaged axillary nerve?
not complete abduction (would be able to start abduction with supraspinatus muscle but not finish as deltoid muscle which is supplied by axillary nerve)
*also some lateral rotation problems as supplies teres minor
what is the quadrangular space?
= passageway in shoulder allowing axillary nerve & posterior humeral circumflex artery
- made by teres minor, teres major,, long head of triceps brachii, humerus
what nerve is likely to be damaged if mid shaft humeral fracture?
radial nerve
what is sensory & motor deficit of radial nerve injury?
sensory = base of thumb
motor = extension
what is clinical presentation of radial nerve dysfunction?
wrist drop
what nerve is damaged in elbow fracture?
median nerve
what is sensory & motor deficit if damaged median nerve?
motor = unable to flex muscles (as median supplies almost all flexors)
sensory = lateral aspect of palm
what is median nerve motor supply?
- all muscles in forearm except (flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus (lots of u’s))
- in hand supplies LOAF = 1st 2 lumbricals, opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis & flexor pollicis brevis (of thenar eminence)
what are 3 hand presentations of median nerve palsy?
- ape hand
- hand of benediction
- abnormal ok sign
how does carpal tunnel syndrome present?
*reminder carpal tunnel syndrome = compression of tunnel & median nerve
wasting of thenar muscles, skin of palm usually spared as palmar cutaneous branch given off before median nerve goes through carpal tunnel therefore sensation to that part of palm is spared = classic sign of carpal tunnel
what does ulnar nerve affected present as?
right hand has muscle wasting (particularly medial aspect)
what does motor aspect ulnar nerve supply?
intrinsic muscles of hand & flexor carpi ulnaris & medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus of forearm
what is presentation if ulnar nerve damaged more proximally (at elbow)?
patient only be able to use flexor digitorum superficialis (since median nerve supplies)
what is presentation if ulnar nerve damaged more distally (at wrist)?
flexor digitorum profundus already innervated so have full flexion in 4th & 5th digits but instead the intrinsic muscles of hand affected = patient can flex but more claw shape
“closer the paw, more the claw”
