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Musculoskeletal II > 4- Cervical Spine > Flashcards

4- Cervical Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Hoarseness

A

Red

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1
Q

Reflex testing

A

C5-6: Brachioradialis C6: Biceps C7: Triceps

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2
Q

Explain the osteokinematics associated with cervical spine rotation

A

rotation about a vertical axis coupled with ipsilateral sidebending

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3
Q

If 3 of which 4 tests are positive… it is 65% CPR of cervical radiculopathy

A
  • Spurlings
  • Rotation< 60 degrees
  • Distraction Test
  • ULNT
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3
Q

Whats general ROM for cervical flexion?

A

40 degrees

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3
Q

Whats general ROM for cervical sidebending?

A

45 degrees

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4
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Segmental or multisegmental hyporeflexia or areflexia

A

Yellow

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5
Q

What is superoanterior glide of superior facets and facet joints during flexion restricted by?

A

Joint capsule

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5
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Tinnitus

A

Yellow

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5
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: History of LOC

A

Yellow

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6
Q

Explain the biomechanics of cervical spine flexion

A

-Anterior osteokinematic roll of superior vertebra -Superoanterior glide of superior facets and facet joints -Anterior translation slide of superior vertebra on the ICD

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6
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Severe movement loss

A

Yellow

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6
Q

How do you test cardinal plane movements?

A

AROM then PROM

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7
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Visual disturbances

A

Red

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8
Q

What should you watch for when testing cardinal plane movements?

A
  • Quality of motion - Symptom provacation - Willingness to move - Presence of specific patterns of restriction
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9
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Spasm with PROM

A

Red

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10
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Arm pain (Pt <35 or greater than 6 months duration)

A

Red

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12
Q

What does the alar ligament test test for?

A

Frontal plane stability

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13
Q

What does it mean when spurlings, rotation <60 deg, distraction test, and ULNT are all positive?

A

90% predictive of cervical radiculopathy

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15
Q

What is anterior roll of superior vertebra during flexion restricted by?

A

Extensor muscles and posterior ligaments

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17
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Painful and weak resistive testing

A

Red

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17
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Difficulties problem solving

A

Yellow

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19
Q

What is the safest order of objective examination?

A
  1. Structural examination 2. Craniovertebral (UCS) Scan 3. Stabilitiy Testing, NBI Testing 4. Neurological examination 5. Cardinal plane movements 6. Special Testing 7. Segmental mobility testing
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20
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Irritability

A

Yellow

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20
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Anxiety or depression

A

Yellow

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22
Q

What does flexion do to the IVD?

A

anterior compression and posterior distraction

23
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Horner’s Syndrome (SNS deficiency, ptosis, miosis)

A

Red

24
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Compromise to multiple spinal nerve roots

A

Red

25
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Insomnia

A

Yellow

26
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Constant or continuous pain

A

Yellow

28
Q

What is uncovertebral and facet arthrokinematic motion limited by during sidebending?

A

joint capsule

29
Q

Whats general ROM for cervical rotation?

A

80-90 degrees

31
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Acute capsular pattern

A

Yellow

32
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Unexplained weight loss

A

Red

34
Q

Whats general ROM for cervical extension?

A

70-80 degrees

35
Q

Explain the osteokinematics associated with cervical spine sidebending

A

-Ipsilateral osteokinematic roll -Superoanterior glide of the contralateral superior facet -Posteroinferior glide of the ipsilateral facet -Inferomedial glide of the ipsilateral uncovertebral joint -Superolateral glide of the contralateral uncovertebral joint -conttalateral translation of the vertebra on the disk

36
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Moderate to severe radiating pain

A

Yellow

37
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Paresthesia

A

Yellow

38
Q

What is the posterior roll during extension restricted by?

A

anterior prevertebral muscles and the ALL

39
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Recent trauma

A

Yellow

40
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: UMN signs and symptoms

A

Yellow

41
Q

What is anterior translation slide of the superior vertebra on the IVD during flexion restrained by?

A

IVD and nuchal ligament

42
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Limited scapular elevation

A

Red

43
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Regional expansion of pain

A

Red

44
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: T1 palsy (weakness of hand intrinsics)

A

Red

45
Q

Explain the biomechanics of cervical spine extension

A

-Posterior roll -Inferoposterior glide -Posterior translation of the vertebra on the disk

46
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Moderate to severe headaches

A

Yellow

47
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Gradual increase in pain over time

A

Red

48
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Strong spasms

A

Yellow

49
Q

What is translation of the disk during sidebending limited by?

A

IVD

49
Q

What is the transverse ligament test test for?

A

Sagittal plane stability

50
Q

What does the Jefferson fracture test test for?

A

Transverse plane stability

50
Q

Myotome Testing

A

c1- cervical flexion c2-cervical extension c3-cervical sidebending c4-scapular elevation c5-shoulder abduction and external rotation c6- elbow flexion and wrist extensions and shoulder IR c7- elbow extension and wrist flexion c8-thumb extension t1-hand intrinsics and interossei

52
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Segmental paresis

A

Yellow

53
Q

What is the inferoposterior glide during extenion restrained by?

A

facet joint capsule

55
Q

What is ipsilateral roll during sidebending limited by?

A

contralateral scalenes and intertransverse ligaments

56
Q

What does the Sharp-Purser Test test for?

A

Translational stability

57
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Memory loss or forgetfulness

A

Yellow

58
Q

Red or Yellow Flag?: Reduced motivation

A

Yellow

59
Q

What does the Vertebral artery test test for?

A

Vascular stability

61
Q

What is the posterior translation of the vertebra on the disk during extension restrained by?

A

IVD

62
Q

What does the distraction test test for?

A

Longitudinal plane stability

63
Q

What are the components of a cervical scan?

A
  • Neck rotation - UC sidebending - UC flexion - UC extension - Compression - Distraction
64
Q

What is Lhermitte’s Phenomenon?

A

a shock-like sensation that radiates down the spinal column to the UEs or LEs with neck flexion (myelopathy, neck trauma, radiculopathy)

Musculoskeletal II (11 decks)

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