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Prosthetics > 4: Ankle and Foot Components > Flashcards

4: Ankle and Foot Components Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main components of a prosthetic?

A

Socket, pylon, foot

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2
Q

What are the two types of prosthetic feet?

A

Non-articulating or articulating

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3
Q

What is the function of a prosthetic foot?

A

Serves as a shock absorber and provides a stable weight-bearing surface

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4
Q

What type of foot is a SACH foot, and what K level is is indicated for?

A

Non-articulating, K1

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5
Q

What type of foot is a single axis foot, and what K level is is indicated for?

A

Articulating, K1

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6
Q

What type of foot is a multi-axis foot, and what K level is is indicated for?

A

Articulating, K2

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7
Q

What type of foot is a dynamic response or energy storing foot, and what K level is it indicated for?

A

Articulating, K3

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8
Q

What type of foot is a multi-axial dynamic response foot, and what K level is is indicated for?

A

Articulating, K3

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9
Q

What type of foot is a microprocessor, and what K level is it indicated for?

A

Articulating, K4

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10
Q

What does SACH stand for?

A

Solid ankle cushioned heel

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11
Q

Describe a SACH foot

A

Light weight, inexpensive, wooden or metal keel that extends MTP joints, rubber heel to allow for shock absorption

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12
Q

What motion is allowed with a SACH foot?

A

Plantarflexion at loading response

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13
Q

What is the function of the rubber heel wedge of the SACH foot?

A

Mimics ankle action by compressing under load during the early part of stance phase

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14
Q

Describe the keel of the SACH foot

A

Rigid, which provides midstance stability but little lateral movement

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15
Q

Describe the ankle joint of the SACH foot

A

Allows the foot to move up and down and enhances knee stability

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16
Q

What must the wearer of a SACH foot do, and what device would require less effort in comparison?

A

Must actively control the prosthesis to prevent the knee from buckling. Single-axis will require less effort

17
Q

What type of foot is shown in the image?

18
Q

If stability is a concern for a SACH foot, what other device may be more appropriate?

A

Single-axis

19
Q

What planes does motion occur in with a single-axis foot?

A

Some sagittal that is controlled by interchangeable anterior and posterior bumpers. No transverse or frontal plane movement

20
Q

How much sagittal plane motion is allowed with a single-axis foot?

A

Dorsiflexion 5-7 degrees
Plantarflexion 15 degrees

21
Q

What are disadvantages of the single axis foot?

A

Heavier and requires more maintenance than SACH

22
Q

What type of foot is shown in the image?

A

Single-axis

23
Q

What type of foot is shown in the image?

A

Multi-axis

24
Q

What motions are allowed with a multi-axis foot?

A

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. Also allows for some pronation and supination to cope with uneven terrain

25
Q

What are disadvantages of a multi-axis foot?

A

More expensive and heavier

26
Q

What is a benefit of the multi-axis foot?

A

Added ankle motion absorbs some of the stress of walking, which will help protect the skin and the prosthesis from wear and tear

27
Q

Describe the dynamic response/energy storage foot

A

Contains a leaf spring that stores energy during rocker and the releases

28
Q

What happens with a dynamic response/energy storage foot as cadence or activity increases?

A

Dynamic response increases and results in greater energy return

29
Q

What device is shown in the image?

A

Dynamic response/energy storage

30
Q

What pt population will benefit from a multi-axis dynamic response foot?

A

People who have more active lifestyles that can vary their walking speed, change directions quickly, and walk long distances

31
Q

What does a multi-axis dynamic response foot allow for?

A

More normal ROM and a more symmetric gait pattern

32
Q

What is the function of a split-toe design?

A

Further increases stability by mimicking the inversion and eversion movements of a human ankle and foot

33
Q

What effect can the dynamic response foot have on the intact limb?

A

Reduce impact forces and stress

34
Q

Describe the microprocessor foot

A

Able to identify slopes and stairs after the first step. Automatically provides dorsiflexion during swing phase. Automatic plantarflexion allow for natural appearance when seated

35
Q

How will a pt with a microprocessor foot get up from a chair?

A

Active ankle motion allows then to tuck both feet behind their knees when getting up

36
Q

What are advantages of a microprocessor foot?

A

Provides push off, increased ability to self-select gait speed, 9.9% less energy expenditure

37
Q

What are disadvantages of a microprocessor foot?

A

Poor battery life, heavy, expensive

38
Q

What should you consider when choosing an appropriate foot?

A

Activity level, K level 0-4, ability to reach a higher level, cosmetic appearance, ability to resist moisture, heel height, recreation, maintenance

Prosthetics (13 decks)

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