4-5 Flashcards
Battle of bunker hill
1st major battle of the war; “not to fire until you see the whites of their eyes” ; 3rd time British take over the will; fought on Breed’s Hill
Thomas Paine
Wrote common sense
Wrote the Declaration of Independence/ got ideas from John Locke
Thomas Jefferson
56 signers in all, took out a paragraph concerning slavery
Declaration of Independence
What are the four sections of the declaration of independence
1) preamble
2) basic rights
3) British abuses
4) declaring independence
Battle of Trenton
Washington and army cross the Delaware, captured 900 hessians with a surprise attack
Turning point of the war; led by an injured Benedict Arnold; patriots played Yankee Doodle
Victory at Saratoga
Valley forge
Extremely cold winter-washington’s hideout in Pennsylvania; around 2,000 men die from disease and starvation
Americas greatest traitor
Benedict Arnold
Last major battle of the war; Cornwallis and 8,000 Brits surrender
Battle of Yorktown
Treaty of Paris
Sept 3, 1783
Articles of confederation
Established in 1777, known as the first government of the 13 colonies; each state only had one vote
2 powers of congress
borrow money, issue currency
2 weaknesses of congress
no power to tax, no executive or judicial branch
Passed by congress to create new states northwest of the Ohio River
Northwest land ordinance
What did the northwest land ordinance guarantee
Religious freedom, trial by jury, and prohibited slavery
Shays rebellion
Farmers who couldn’t pay their debts had their land taken away from them by local judges; Daniel shay led a rebellion to close the courts
Independence hall
Constitutional convention was held here, including many other important events
James Madison
Father of the constitution
Wrote the preamble and helped write its rite and edit much of the constitution; wrote the final draft
Gouvernor Morris
Proportional; representation based by state population
Virginia Plan
Equal representation from each state
New Jersey plan
The great compromise was presented by
Roger Sherman
The great comprimise
House of Reps: based off population of the state
Senate: 2 reps from each state
3/5 comprimise
Every 5 states counts as 3 people
Govt couldn’t regulate slave trade until 1808
Slave trade comprimise
Federalists
Approved of the constitution and wanted a strong federal government
Feared a strong central govt and thought the powers should be distributed to the states
Anti-Federalists
Series of papers arguing for the new federal system
Federalist papers
Bill of rights
The first ten amendments to the constitution
Which branch makes the laws
Legislative branch
Judicial branch
Interpret the laws and punish the law breakers
Executive branch
Enforce and carry out the laws
April 19,1775
Battle of Lexington; shot heard around the world; taxation without representation
