4-5 Flashcards
Defined
boundary is negotiated and legally described.
Delimited
the boundary is drawn on a map by a cartographer
Demarcated
markers are placed on the ground to indicate where the border is in the landscape (signs, walls, fences, etc.
Administered
boundary is maintained.
Controlled boundary
boundaries that have checkpoints where a passport or visa are required to enter the country
International boundaries
establish the limits of sovereignty and can be the source of disputes
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
a buffer zone created by treaties/agreements between two or more military powers that falls on either side of the actual boundary (DMZ between North and South Korea)
International agreements
establishment of formal commitments between countries on world related issues that can either encourage interactions or discourage disputes
International sanctions
policies or actions designed to induce states to change their behavior.
Definitional boundary dispute
occurs when two or more parties disagree over how to interpret the legal documents or maps that identify the boundary.
Locational boundary dispute
disputes centered on where a boundary should be, also referred to as territorial disputes.
Irredentism
when a country seeks to annex territory where it has cultural ties to the population or historic claims to the land
Operational boundary dispute (functional dispute):
disagreements related to trade, transportation or migration.
Allocational boundary dispute (resource dispute)
when a boundary separates natural resources that may be used by both countries
Enclaves
territories that are part of a state, yet geographically separated from the main state by one or more countries
Political enclaves
same thing as a Perforated state
United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
established rights and responsibilities of states concerning ownership/usage of the seas and their resources.
Territorial Sea
zone of water adjacent to a state’s coast (12 miles) in which a state has sovereignty.
Contiguous Zone
zone of water adjacent to Territorial Sea (24 miles) in which a state can enforce customs, immigration, and sanitation laws.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EZZ)
zone of water adjacent to Contiguous Zone (200 miles) in which the state has a right to explore, exploit, conserve, and manage resources.
International Waters
beyond the EEZ, all states have equal access.
