4/2/21

Question 1

primary aldosteronism – symptoms

Answer 1

fatigue, weakness, headache, nocturia
known cause of secondary hypertension
may have hypokalemia

Question 2

workup for primary aldosteronism

Answer 2

plasma renin level
plasma aldosterone concentration
PAC to PRA ratio – positive screen in >= 20 ng/dl
–mineralocorticoids (spirinolactone) and eplerenone (inspra) may interfere with the test
–ACEs and ARBs may interfere with test

Question 3

With is captopril renography used for?

Answer 3

to diagnose renovascular hypertension

Question 4

Initial diagnostic test for pheochromocytosis?

Answer 4

Urinary metanephrine testing

Question 5

Triad of pheochromocytosis symptoms

Answer 5

-- episodic
headache
sweating
tachycardia
--in association to hypertension

Question 6

Confirmatory testing for pheochromocytosis?

Answer 6

CT/MRI of the adrenal glands

Question 7

Treatment of pheochromocytosis

Answer 7

Pre-op
1) alpha andrenergic blockade –> phenoxybenzamine
2) beta andrenergic blockade –> propranolol or metoprolol
Surgery
– laparascopic adrenalectomy by endocrine surgeon

Question 8

Cushing syndrome symptoms

Answer 8

Decreased libido
Obesity/weight gain
Plethora
Round face / moon facies
Menstrual changes
Hirsutism
Hypertension
Ecchymoses
Lethargy, depression
Dorsal fat pad
Abnormal glucose tolerance

Question 9

Screening test for cushings syndrome

Answer 9

dexamethasone suppression test

Question 10

Addison disease screening test

Answer 10

adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation

Question 11

Addison disease/ adrenal insufficiency treatment

Answer 11

crisis – fluid resuscitation, reversal of electrolyte deficiency, hydrocortisone

Question 12

Causes of cushing syndrome

Answer 12

iatrogenic / prescribed steroids

steroid producing tumor

Question 13

Addison disease / adrenal insufficiency symptoms

Answer 13

Chronic – fatigue vague

Acute crisis – peripheral vascular collapse

Question 14

Other name for measles

Answer 14

rubeola

Question 15

name for german measles

Answer 15

rubella

Question 16

Rubeola – clinical findings

Answer 16

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza
koplik spots
rash spreads from face to trunk

Question 17

Erysipelas

Answer 17

group A β-hemolytic streptococcus and is associated with a well-demarcated, plaque-like, edematous red exanthem on the face or other areas of the body

Question 18

Fifth disease is caused by

Answer 18

parvovirus 19

Question 19

Fifth disease symptoms

Answer 19

fever, URI, slapped cheeks

Question 20

Roseola infantum

Answer 20

high fever in a child who doesn’t appear very ill

rash when fever ceases

Question 21

Rubella symptoms

Answer 21

generalized maculopapular rash that last approx 3 days

may have a prodrome of URI, low grade fever and malaise for 1-5 days

Question 22

Spontaneous pneumothorax findings

Answer 22

ipsilateral chest pain
acute shortness of breath
respiratory distress
hypoxia

Question 23

Spontaneous pneumothorax risk factors

Answer 23

tall, thin males, ages 10-30
may smoke cigarrettes
family history

Question 24

Clinical manifestations of acute bronchitis

Answer 24

cough – lasting more than 5 days and up to 3-4 weeks
may have associated :
fever, dyspnea, myalgias, malaise, sore throat, nasal congestion, and cough

Question 25

clinical symptoms Pneumonia

Answer 25

fever, cough, shortness of breath

Question 26

Pulmonary embolism symptoms

Answer 26

dyspnea, tachypnea, chest pain, or tachycardia

Question 27

PE’s and DVTs

Answer 27

only 1/3rd of PEs also have a DVT

Question 28

Acute asthma exacerbation symptoms

Answer 28

chest tightness, wheezing, and dyspnea

Question 29

What OMT technique can be applied to the anterior neck to help with URI

Answer 29

lymphatic drainage

Question 30

URI chapman reflex points

Answer 30

anterior 3 and 4th ICS

posterior T3-T4

Question 31

Parasympathetic release of the upper cervicals could help with __________

Answer 31

respiratory symptoms

Question 32

sympathetic innervation to the lungs

Answer 32

T3-4