#4

Question 1

What is the term for a decrease in the rate or efficiency of respiration allowing excess carbon dioxide to accumulate in blood?

Answer 1

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory acidosis can occur due to conditions like COPD or severe asthma.

Question 2

What is a normal respiratory rate and rhythm called?

Answer 2

Eupnea

Eupnea indicates a normal, unlabored breathing pattern.

Question 3

What is the most appropriate intervention for a tracheostomy patient with a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Airway Clearance related to excessive secretions?

Answer 3

Assess lung sound every 4 hours

Regular assessment helps monitor changes in airway clearance.

Question 4

What should a patient do if they develop epistaxis?

Answer 4

Sit in a chair and lean forward

Leaning forward helps prevent swallowing blood and reduces the risk of aspiration.

Question 5

Which statement indicates effective teaching for a patient who has had nasal surgery?

Answer 5

I will not blow my nose

Avoiding blowing the nose is crucial to prevent complications post-surgery.

Question 6

What signs and symptoms indicate sinusitis?

Answer 6

Pain over the cheek and upper teeth, purulent nasal discharge, and fever

Sinusitis often results from infection or blockage of the sinus cavities.

Question 7

What statement by a patient about sleep apnea indicates additional teaching is needed?

Answer 7

I will drink alcohol so I can sleep

Alcohol can worsen sleep apnea by relaxing throat muscles.

Question 8

What is a potential complication of untreated pharyngitis?

Answer 8

Rheumatic fever

Rheumatic fever can develop from untreated streptococcal infections.

Question 9

What is the expected outcome for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of Hyperthermia related to an infectious process?

Answer 9

The patient will have a temp lower than 102 with no signs/symptoms of dehydration

Monitoring temperature and hydration status is critical in managing infections.

Question 10

Which patient should be assessed first in a group of patients?

Answer 10

A patient with epistaxis who is swallowing frequently

Frequent swallowing may indicate significant blood loss and requires immediate attention.

Question 11

What is persistent hoarseness a sign of?

Answer 11

Potential underlying vocal cord issues or laryngeal problems
Larynx cancer

Persistent hoarseness should be evaluated to rule out serious conditions.

Question 14

What is the highest priority when assessing a postoperative laryngectomy patient?

Answer 14

Monitor airway and respiratory

Airway management is crucial in postoperative patients, especially after laryngectomy.

Question 15

Albuterol (ProAir HFA) is classified as a _______.

Answer 15

Adrenergic bronchodilator

Albuterol is used to relieve bronchospasm in conditions like asthma.

Question 16

The most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia is _______.

Answer 16

Streptococcus pneumonia

This bacterium is a leading pathogen in pneumonia cases.

Question 17

A stroke patient with an impaired gag reflex is at risk for which type of pneumonia?

Answer 17

Aspiration pneumonia

Impaired gag reflex increases the risk of food or liquids entering the lungs.

Question 18

One of the most common complications related to pneumonia is _______.

Answer 18

Pleural effusion

This condition can occur as a result of inflammation from pneumonia.

Question 19

The nursing diagnosis for a patient with pneumonia who has excessive secretions, lung sounds with bilateral crackles, and an ineffective cough is _______.

Answer 19

Ineffective airway clearance

This diagnosis indicates the patient’s inability to clear secretions effectively.

Question 20

Ipratropium (Atrovent) is classified as a _______.

Answer 20

Anticholinergic

Ipratropium is used to treat bronchospasm and improve airflow.

Question 21

Risk factors for contracting tuberculosis include all the following except: _______.

Answer 21

Adequate nutrition

Adequate nutrition generally reduces risk, while poor nutrition increases susceptibility.

Question 22

The diagnostic test to screen for tuberculosis is _______.

Answer 22

PPD

The PPD test is a standard method for tuberculosis screening.

Question 23

Antibiotic therapy for tuberculosis includes all the following except: _______.

Answer 23

Penicillin

Penicillin is ineffective against tuberculosis; specific antitubercular drugs are used.

Question 24

Which of the following is a restrictive respiratory disorder? _______.

Answer 24

Pleurisy

Pleurisy causes inflammation of the pleura, restricting lung expansion.

Question 25

Which of the following is an obstructive respiratory disorder? _______.

Answer 25

Chronic Bronchitis ## Footnote Chronic bronchitis is characterized by long-term inflammation and obstruction of the airways.

Question 26

Which patient is a priority to be assessed first?

Answer 26

A patient with pneumonia with a temp of 101 ## Footnote Elevated temperature indicates potential infection severity and requires prompt assessment.

Question 28

Which patient is a priority to be assessed first?

Answer 28

A patient with pneumonia with a temp of 101

Question 29

What is a modifiable risk factor for COPD?

Answer 29

Smoking

Question 30

For a patient with COPD, oxygen should be titrated to maintain an oxygen saturation between:

Answer 30

88-92%

Question 31

What does ruddy skin color in a COPD patient indicate?

Answer 31

Polycythemia

Question 32

Which patient is a priority to be assessed first?

Answer 32

A patient with asthma with increased respiratory rate

Question 33

What is the expected outcome for a COPD patient with a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced Nutrition?

Answer 33

The patient's weight will be stable

Question 34

Which type of pneumothorax is a life-threatening emergency?

Answer 34

Tension Pneumothorax

Question 35

What does stage I mean for a patient with non-small cell lung cancer?

Answer 35

Cancer in the lung with no spread to lymph nodes

Question 36

What is the surgery called when a lung is removed for cancer?

Answer 36

Pneumonectomy

Question 38

What is pursed lip breathing used for?

Answer 38

I can use pursed lip breathing anytime I feel short of breath ## Footnote Pursed lip breathing helps patients manage shortness of breath by slowing down breathing and improving ventilation.

Question 39

What respiratory system disorder is suspected if a ventilation perfusion scan shows an area of the lung that is well ventilated but has no blood supply?

Answer 39

Pulmonary embolism ## Footnote A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the lung.

Question 40

What factor increases the risk of infections in aging patients?

Answer 40

Reduced elastic recoil of the lung ## Footnote Aging can lead to decreased lung elasticity, which can impair respiratory function and increase infection risk.

Question 41

What is a protective mechanism of the respiratory system?

Answer 41

Cilia ## Footnote Cilia help trap and expel particles and pathogens from the respiratory tract.

Question 42

What does a partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of 70 mm Hg indicate?

Answer 42

Impaired respiratory function ## Footnote Normal PaO2 levels range from 75 to 100 mm Hg; values below indicate respiratory distress.

Question 43

What can the use of an incentive spirometer (IS) prevent?

Answer 43

Atelectasis ## Footnote Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing to keep the lungs expanded and prevent collapse.

Question 44

What is the most appropriate intervention for a tracheostomy patient with impaired verbal communication?

Answer 44

Use of picture board ## Footnote Picture boards can facilitate communication for patients unable to speak due to a tracheostomy.

Question 45

What data does the nurse collect to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions for sinusitis pain?

Answer 45

Pain level on a scale of 0-10 ## Footnote Assessing pain levels helps determine the effectiveness of pain management strategies.

Question 46

What are included in the physical lung assessment of a COPD patient? (Select all that apply)

Answer 46

Auscultation, palpating ## Footnote These methods help evaluate lung sounds and detect abnormalities.

Question 47

What are included in the care of a patient with a chest tube and chest drainage unit? (Select all that apply)

Answer 47

Observe respiratory rate, assess shortness of breath, auscultate lung sounds ## Footnote Monitoring these parameters is critical for ensuring proper lung function and drainage.

Question 49

What are the components included in the care of a patient with a chest tube and chest drainage unit?

Answer 49

Observe respiratory rate, assess shortness of breath, auscultate lung sounds

Question 50

Which of the following are risk factors for contracting tuberculosis (TB)? (Select all that apply)

Answer 50

Crowded living conditions, AIDS, chronic drug abuse

Question 51

First line antibiotic therapy for tuberculosis includes which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Answer 51

isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol

Question 52

Restrictive lung disorders include which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Answer 52

Pleurisy, pleural effusion, pulmonary fibrosis

Question 53

The patient is ordered for roflumilast (Daliresp) 250 mcg. The dose on hand is 500 mcg. How many tablets will the nurse give?

Answer 53

0.5

Question 54

The patient is ordered for zafirlukast (Accolate) 20 mg PO BID. The dose on hand is zafirlukast 10 mg/tablet. How many tablets will the nurse administer?

Answer 54

2

Question 55

The patient is ordered for prednisone tapering dose, 1 mg/kg IV. The dose on hand is 40 mg/mL. The patient weighs 143 lbs. How many mL will be administered? (Round to the nearest tenth)

Answer 55

1.6

Question 56

The patient is ordered for guaifenesin (Mucinex) liquid 400 mg PO every 6 hours. The dose on hand is guaifenesin (Mucinex) liquid 100 mg/teaspoon. How many mL will be administered?

Answer 56

8

Question 57

The patient is ordered for cefazolin 2 gms IV every 6 hours. The dose on hand is 500 mg powder in a vial. The vial is reconstituted with 2.0 mL sterile water to give a volume of 250 mg/mL. How many mL per dose will be administered?

Answer 57

8