#4 Flashcards
V-Speeds: Vso, Vsi, Vy, Vx, Vle, Vlo, Vfe, Va, Vno, Vne
Vso - Stall speed in landing configuration,
Vsi - Stall speed in clean or specified configuration,
Vy - Best rate of Climb,
Vx - Best angle of climb,
Vle - Maximum landing gear extension speed,
Vlo - Maximum landing gear operation speed,
Vfe - Maximum flap extension speed,
Va - Maneuvering speed,
Vno - Normal Operating speed,
Vne - Never Exceed speed
Best glide speed vs. Minimum Sink Speed
Best glide speed - is the speed that gives the best forward distance for the given loss of altitude (Understand your best glide ratio for your aircraft)
Minimum Sink Speed - is the speed that loses altitude at the slowest rate
Information obtained from
- Takeoff Charts
- Fuel, time, distance-to-climb charts
- Crosswind and Headwind Component Charts
Takeoff charts - allows to compute takeoff distance and takeoff over 50 foot obstacle
Fuel, time, distance-to-climb charts - This chart will give fuel amount used during the climb, the time it will take to accomplish the climb, and the ground distance that will be covered in the flight
Crosswind and Headwind component chart - This allows for Figuring the headwind and crosswind component for any given wind direction and velocity
Information obtained from specified charts
- Landing Charts
- Stall Speed Performance Charts
Landing Charts - Provide normal landing distance as well as landing distance over a 50’ obstacle
Stall Speed performance Charts - Designed to give an understanding the speed at which the aircraft will stall in a specific configuration
Pressure Altitude Defined
The altitude indicated when the altimeter is set to 29.92 in. Hg. (This is the altitude above the standard datum plane) Used to compute density altitude, true altitude, true airspeed, and other performance datas.
Airplane Limitations
The pilot should always be aware of the consequences of overloading. Excessive weight reduces the flight performance in almost every respect.
Higher takeoff speed, Longer takeoff roll, Reduced rate and angle of climb, Lower maximum altitude, Shorter range, Reducing cruising speed, Reduced maneuverability, Higher stalling speed, Higher approach and landing speed, Longer landing roll, Excessive Weight on the nose wheel or tail wheel
The pilot must also consider the consequences of an overweight aircraft if an emergency condition arises. If an engine fails on takeoff or airframe ice forms at low altitude, it is usually too late to reduce an aircraft’s weight to keep it in the air.
Four Stroke System
Intake, Compression, Ignition, Exhaust
Carburetor Defined and Carburetor Heat
Carburetor is defined as the process of mixing fuel and air in the correct proportions so as to form a combustible mixture.
Carburetor heat valve, controlled by the pilot, allows unfiltered, heated air from the shroud. Normally heated air enriches the fuel mixture use of carburetor heat decreases engine power by 15%
What Throttle does and What does Mixture Control do
Throttle allows the pilot to manually control the amount of fuel/air charge entering the cylinders
Mixture regulates fuel-to-air ratio. All airplane engines incorporate mixture control.
Fuel Injection Described
Engine Driven fuel pump - provides fuel under pressure from the engine tank to the fuel/air control unit
Fuel/air control unit - meters fuel based on the mixture control setting and sends it to the fuel manifold valve at a rate controlled by Throttle
Fuel Manifold Valve, - distributes fuel to the individual fuel discharge nozzles
Discharge Nozzles - located in each cylinder head, these inject the fuel/air mixture at the precise time for each cylinder
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - Provides fuel under pressure to fuel/air control unit for engine starting and/or emergency use
