Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INTRO TO CRIM ( Crim 1) > 3rd Notes > Flashcards

3rd Notes Flashcards

1
Q

This explanation for the existence of criminal traits associates an individual’s evil disposition to physical disfigurement or impairment

A

Biological Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Italian physician who founded the school of human physiognomy, the study of facial features and their relation to human behavior

A

Giambattista Della Porta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A Swiss theologian who believed that people’s true characters and Inclinations could be read from their facial features

A

Johann Kaspar Lavater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

He published his painstakingly detailed study of facial fragments in 1783

A

Johann Kaspar Lavater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

He developed cranioscopy

A

Franz Joseph Gall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

He was born in Germany, a renowned neuro-anatomist and physiologist and a pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain

A

Franz Joseph Gall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Also studied phrenology or craniology which deals with the study of the external formation of the skull indicating the conformation of the brain and the development of its various parts which is directly related to the behavior of the criminal

A

Charles Goring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

He is a German phrenologist who was the assistant of Franz Joseph Gall

A

Johann Kaspar Spurzheim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

He was the man most responsible for popularizing and spreading phrenology to a wide audience.

A

Johann Kaspar Spurzheim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This refers to the study of the body build of a person in relation to his temperament and personality and the type of offense he is most prone to commit

A

Physiology or Somatotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

He is a German psychiatrist who studied philosophy and medicine at the University of Tubingen.

A

Ernst Kretchmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

He attempted to correlate body build and constitution with characters of temperamental reactions and mentally

A

Ernst Kretchmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

He constructed a classification system that associated physiology and psychology, which he outlined in “The variety of Temperature (1942)”

A

William H. Sheldon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

He associated body types with human temperament

A

William H. Sheldon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

He studied the lives of the members of the JUKES FAMILY

A

Richard Dugdale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who is the Mother of Criminals

A

Ada Jukes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

He claimed that since families produce generations of criminals, they must have been transmitting degenerate traits down the line.

A

Richard Dugdale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

He studied the lives of the Kallikak Family

A

Henry Goddard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A famous preacher during the colonial period. Then his family tree was traced none of the descendants was found to be criminal

A

Sir Jonathan Edwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This idea has long been hatched by thinkers who were consumed by the belief that it is the psychological equivalents that prod the person to act the way he does.

A

Psychological Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who is the Father of Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

He believed that man carry with him residue of the most significant emotional attachments of his childhood, which then guide future interpersonal relationship

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

He founded the PSYCHOANALYTIC (Psychodynamic) THEORY OF CRIMINALITY

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Theory of criminality attributes delinquent and criminal behavior to a conscience that is overbearing which arouses feelings of guilt or a conscience that is so weak that it cannot control the individual’s impulses and the need for immediate gratification.

A

Psychoanalytic Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the most basic human drive present at birth (the instinct to preserve and create life). An expressed sexually.

A

Eros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

If conflict is encountered during any of the psychosexual stages of development, an adult will exhibit
behavior traits characteristic of those encountered during infantile sexual development

A

Fixated Person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

theories assume that the lawbreaker does not have a great mental sickness that causes him to commit crimes but rather, he commits crime because of everyday emotional problems that made him unable to cope.

A

Emotional Problems Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the physiological cause can be identified, such as head injuries that left the mind blank, senility, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease

A

Organic Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

characterized by strange behavior that cannot be traced to any known organic disease

A

Functional Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Example of this disorders are those people with no apparent brain sickness who hear voices that other do not hear, or who see things that others do not see

A

Functional Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

a common type of mental disorder used to explain criminal behavior

A

Neurosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

also referred to as hysteria or neurasthenia

A

Neurosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A more serious type of mental disorder, which can be organic or functional

A

Psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Gradual impairment of the intellect, characterized by delusions or hallucination.

A

Paranoia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

It maintains that human actions are developed through learning experiences

A

Behavior Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

it focuses on mental processes and how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve problems

A

Cognitive Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Theory that focus on psychiatric make up of the individual criminal, stating among others that human intelligence is a big factor in criminality

A

Mental Deficiency Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

advanced by Jean Piaget who holds that children evolve through four stages of cognitive development

A

Moral Development theory

39
Q

In this Theory , Lawrence Kohlberg stated that children strive to maximize pleasure and avoid punishment

A

Muti-Stage Theory of moral evolution

40
Q

It attempts to explain how people acquire predispositions towards certain behavior

A

Personality Theory

41
Q

t proposes that people Internalize moral codes more through the process of socialization learning behaviors through interaction with others.

A

Social learning theory

42
Q

person are prone to commit malicious damage to property and unnatural sex offenses

A

Mental Deficiency

43
Q

Their mentality is compared to a 2 years old person.

A

Idiot

44
Q

Their mentality is like a child of 2 to 7 years old

A

Imbecile

45
Q

Not amounting to imbecility is yet so pronounce that they required care, supervision and control for their own or for the protection of others

A

Feeble minded person

46
Q

This is something called dementia praecox which is a form of psychosis characterized by thinking disturbance and regression to a more relatively impaired and intellectual functions are well preserve.

A

Schizophrenia

47
Q

this is the uncontrollable or irresistible impulse to do something

A

Compulsive Neurosis

48
Q

a type of impulse control disorder that is characterized by being unable to resist starting fires

A

Pyromania

49
Q

The irresistible urge to kill somebody.

A

Homicidal Compulsion

50
Q

a mental health condition where a person feels an uncontrollable urge to steal things.

A

Kleptomania

51
Q

the compulsive desire to drink alcohol.

A

Dipsomania

52
Q

this is the most important cause of criminality among youthful offenders and habitual criminals

A

Psychopathic personality

53
Q

this is a condition characterized by conclusive seizure and a tendency to mental deterioration.

A

Epilepsy

54
Q

There is complete loss of consciousness and general contraction of the muscles

A

Grand Mal

55
Q

mild or complete loss of consciousness and contraction of muscles

A

Petit Mal

56
Q

localized contraction of muscle with or without loss of consciousness

A

Jakonism Type

57
Q

this is a form of vice causing mental disturbance

A

Alcoholism

58
Q

this is another form of vice which cause strong mental disturbance.

A

Drug addiction

59
Q

Sociological factors refer to things, places and people with whom we come in contact with and which play a part in determining our actions and conduct

A

Sociological Determinism

60
Q

One of the founding scholars of sociology

A

Emile Durkheim

61
Q

Published a book, “Division of Social Labor”, which became a landmark work on the organization of societies

A

Emile Durkheim

62
Q

He introduced the Theory of Imitation, which governs the process by which people become criminals

A

Gabriel Tarde

63
Q

forerunner of modern-day learning theorists

A

Gabriel Tarde

64
Q

He repudiated the free will doctrine of the classicists

A

Adolphe Quetelet

65
Q

He founded what is known as the CARTHOGRAPHIC SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY, together with ANDRE MICHAEL GUERRY

A

Adolphe Quetelet

66
Q

A member of the Italian parliament

A

Enrico Ferri

67
Q

He believed that criminals could not be held morally responsible because they did not choose to commit crimes but was driven to commit them by conditions of their lives.

A

Enrico Ferri

68
Q

He traced the roots of criminal behavior not on physical features but in their psychological equivalents which he called “moral anomalie.s

A

Raffaele Garofalo

69
Q

The study of sociology provides many ideas and opinions that help in understanding why a person becomes a criminal.

A

SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND CRIME CAUSATIONS

70
Q

Also called rules of conduct

A

Social Norms

71
Q

This refers to the learning process by which a person learns and internalizes the ways of society so that he can function and become an active part of society.

A

Socialization

72
Q

This refers to the system of values and meanings shared by a group of individuals including the embodiment of those values and meanings in a material object.

A

Culture

73
Q

This may also refer to the way of life, modes of thinking, acting and feeling

A

Culture

74
Q

views that disadvantage economic class position is a primary cause of crime.

A

Social Structure Theory

75
Q

Focuses on the conditions within the urban environment that affect crime rates

A

Social Disorganization Theory

76
Q

Also called differential social organization

A

So ial Disorganization Theory

77
Q

Holds that crime is a function of the conflict between the goals people have and the means they can use to legally obtain them.

A

Strain Theory

78
Q

improved the anomie concept and identified the problem as the gap between the ideals of the society and the arbitrary realities of one’s determining birth position within the social structure.

A

Robert Merton

79
Q

Delinquent boys, 1955 expands the concept of strain theory which includes not only material goals but also social status and others.)

A

Albert Cohen

80
Q

Theorizes that in order to cope with social isolation and economic deprivation, members of the lower class create an independent subculture with its own set of rules and values

A

Cultural Deviance Theory

81
Q

Combines the elements of both strain and disorganization theories.

A

Cultural Deviance Theory

82
Q

the concept that conduct norms are passed down from one generation to the next so that they become stable within the boundaries of a culture

A

Cultural Transmission

83
Q

Different Groups learn different conduct norms, and that the conduct norms of some groups may clash with conventional middle class rules. It defines what is considered appropriate or normal behavior and what inappropriate or abnormal behavior is and considered as the source of delinquent behaviors

A

Culture Conflict Theory

84
Q

views that criminality is a function of people’s interaction with various organization, Institutions, and process in society.

A

Social Process Theory

85
Q

Believes that crime is a product of learning the norms, values and behaviors associated with criminal activity

A

Social Learning Theory

86
Q

This Theory was formulated by Edwin Sutherland

A

Differential Association Theory

87
Q

Believes that criminality is a function of a learning process that could affect any individual in any culture

A

Differential Association Theory

88
Q

According to this theory, people strike a balance between being “all-deviant” and “all-conforming.”

A

DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT THEORY

89
Q

This maintains that all people have the potential to violate the law and that modern society presents many opportunities for illegal activities

A

Social Control Theory

90
Q

ties a person has to the institutions and process of society.

A

Social Bond

91
Q

according to Walter Reckless, it is the idea that strong self-image insulates a youth from the pressures and pulls of criminogenic influences in the environment.

A

Containment Theory

92
Q

Holds that people enter into law-violating careers when they are labeled for their acts and organize their personalities around the labels.

A

SOCIAL REACTION THEORY

93
Q

Social Reaction Theory also called

A

LABELING THEORY

INTRO TO CRIM ( Crim 1) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions