3m Coordinate Eng. Systems Flashcards
M01 - 2 types of sprinkler systems:
Wet: Water under sufficient pressure to provide immediate and continuous discharge via sprinkler heads automatically.
Dry: Pipes filled with air which releases via sprinkler heads making way for water into pipes (good if exposed to cold)
(sub categories:
deluge: open heads at all time, flow ctrl by smoke, fire, flame sensing device
pre-action: valve ctrl by more sensitive system; where valuables could be destroyed by water like museums)
M02 - 3 types of standpipes:
Chop 11.25
Wet: Contain water under pressure & fitted with fire hoses.
Dry: Contain no water, used by Fire Dept to connect to a hydrant or pumper truck.
Siamese: Installed close to ground & main entry. Fire Dept connects to in order to supply sprinkler system.
M03 - What heating & cooling systems will have minimal initial costs? (2 qualities & corresponding systems)
1 - simplest air system:
SINGLE DUCT/CONSTANT AIR
2 - or NO ductwork:
THROUGH WALL & PKG TERMINAL UNITS
M05 - What is the typical pressure of a public service pipe? (psi)
Chop 11.23
50psi
M04 - What heating & coolings systems will min. maintenance requirements? (1 quality & corresponding systems)
Simple systems w few moving parts in occupied spaces: • VAV • SINGLE DUCT / CONSTANT AIR VOL. • HYDRONIC CONVECTORS • Closed loop heat-pump
M06 - What mech. systems min. floor space required or maximizes floor to floor height? (2 qualities & 3 corresponding systems)
1 - Local system w no ductwork or piping • THROUGHWALL & PKG UNITS 2 - or min. size of ducts: • INDUCTION • HYDRONIC CONVECTORS
M07 - What mech. systems min. system noise? (1 quality and 2 corresponding systems)
Low air velocity:
• ANY ALL AIR SYSTEMS EXCEPT INDUCTION
• HYDRONIC CONVECTORS
M08 - What mech. systems min. visual obstructions? (1 quality & corresponding systems)
System w min. hardware in occupied spaces of building:
• ANY ALL AIR SYSTEMS
• Induction heating
M09 - What mech. systems will have minimal operating costs? (2 qualities & 4 corresponding systems)
1 - systems that convert fuel to heating & cooling energy w max efficiency:
• VAV
• SINGLE DUCT/CONSTANT AIR
• HYDRONIC CONVECTORS
2 - or system that draws on ambient heat of surrounding environment:
•CLOSED LOOP HEAT PUMP
M10 - What mech. systems will help avoid having a chimney in a building? (1 quality & 3 corresponding systems)
Electrically powered systems:
• ELECTRIC BOILER
• THROUGH WALL & PKG. UNITS
• CLOSED LOOP HEAT PUMPS
M11 -What material is best for a water supply pipe, and why? (4 reasons)
Chop 11.24 Copper pros: -high corrosion resistance -good for potable water -low hydronic friction -small outside diameter
M12 - What HVAC mech. systems provide max. control over air quality & air velocity? (1 quality & 9 corresponding systems)
All air heat systems: • VAV • VAV REHEAT • VAV INDUCTION • DUAL DUCT VAV • CAV REHEAT • MULTIZONE • AIR-WATER INDUCTION • FAN-COIL TERMINALS • THROUGH WALL & PKG TERMINAL UNITS
M13 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in an apartment? (4)
1 - Fan Coil
2 - Closed Loop
3 - Hydronic Convectors
4 - Pkg Term. Units or through wall units
M14 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in an arena? (3)
1 - VAV*
2 - Single duct, CAV (constant air volume)*
3 - Fan Coil Terminals
M15 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Auditoriums, Theatres? (3)
1 - VAV
2 - Single duct, CAV (constant air volume)
3 - Multizone
M16 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Factories? (6)
1 - VAV*
2 - VAV Reheat
~3 - Single duct, CAV (constant air volume)*
4 - Multizone*
5 - Fan-Coil Terminals
~6 - Hydronic Convectors
(odd similarity to hospitals ~ indicate differences)
M17 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Hospitals? (6)
1 - VAV 2 - VAV Reheat ~3 - Dual Duct, VAV ~4 - CAV Reheat 5 - Multizone 6 - Fan-Coil Terminals (odd similarity to hospitals ~ indicate differences)
M18 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Hotels/motels/dorms? (4)
1 - VAV*
2 - Fan Coil Terminals
3 - Closed Loop Heat Pumps
4 - PKG Terminal Units or through wall
M18 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Laboratories? (5)
1 - VAV 2 - VAV Reheat 3 - Dual Duct, VAV 4 - Single duct, CAV (constant air volume) 5 - CAV Reheat
M19 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a Libraries? (2)
1 - VAV
2 - Multizone
M20 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a nursing home? (3)
1 - VAV
2 - Fan-Coil Terminals
3 - Pkg Terminal Units or Through Wall
M21 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in an office? (4)
1 - VAV*
2 - VAV induction
3 - Multizone*
4 - Hydronic Convector
M22 - What mech. systems are most likely to be used in a place of worship? (3)
1 - VAV
2 - Single duct, CAV (constant air volume)
3 - Hydronic Convectors
M23 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in a school? (3)
1 - VAV*
2 - VAV Reheat
3 - Fan-Coil Terminals
M24 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in a shopping center? (2)
1 - VAV*
2 - Multizone*
M25 - What HVAC mech. systems are most likely to be used in a store? (2)
1 - VAV*
2 - Multizone*
M26 - Describe a central system and it’s advantages. (5)
Heat is supplied or extracted by large equipment in one or more large mech rooms.
1 + generally quieter 2 + more energy efficient 3 + offer better IAQ (indoor air quality) 4 + lasts longer 5 + more convenient to service
M27 Describe a local system and it’s advantages. (3)
Independent self-contained pieces of heating /cooling equipment located throughout build., one or more per room.
1 + cheaper to buy + install
2 + occupy less space in the building overall
(no mech room or ductwork)
3 + great for buildings with many small spaces which rqr individual temp. control
True or false?
Not all plumbing fixtures require a trap.
False. all plumbing fixtures require a trap.
What is a water hammer and how to avoid it?
Water-hammer: Concussion and banging noise can occur when a large volume of moving water is stopped abruptly.
To avoid: Air chambers are installed at fixture branches to prevent water hammer. The trap air elastically compresses and expands to equalize the pressure and flow of water in the system.
Which pipes are larger? Those of the supplying system or of the sanitary system?
Sanitary system, they rely on gravity for its discharge. It is not a pressured system
True or False? Electric heating allows control over the humidity.
False.
Which one is not control by the HVAC system:
- Air circulation velocity
- Thermal equilibrium between the interior and the exterior
- Relative humidity
- Indoor Air Quality
- Ambient temperature
- Thermal equilibrium between the interior and the exterior
What’s the difference between ERV and HRV?
ERV recuperate humidity on top of heat. HRV is only heat.
What are the pros & cons of Variable air volume single duct? (4/3)
\+Low operating cost \+Good local ctrl \+quiet \+Low maintenance -high cost -space consuming -many trades involved
What are the pros & cons of VAV Dual duct? (4/2)
\+ctrl of temperature \+Ctrl of velocity \+Quiet \+Reduce duct size because of high velocity systems -high capital cost -High operation cost
When to use a upfeed or downfeed systems
upfeed when building is <6storeys.
downfeed when building is > 6storeys. gravity to help provide appropriate pressure throughout the building
