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3CHN > 3CHN Monthlies: care of the population group > Flashcards

3CHN Monthlies: care of the population group Flashcards

1
Q

what is a population?

A

a group of people having common personal or environmental characteristics

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2
Q

levels of clientele

A

Individual - Family, Community - Population

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3
Q

Population

A

mixture of different subgroups

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4
Q

Aggregates

A

subgroups or subpopulations that have common characteristics or concerns. Ex: elderly, high risks (aggregate) infants (population).

this helps identify special needs, thus, providing specific and more efficient care.

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5
Q

population-focused nursing

A

concentrates on specific groups of people and focuses on health promotion and disease prevention regardless the location

  • do a needs assessment
  • consider the broad determinants of health
  • systematic approach: problems are defined by assessment, diagnosis, solutions
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6
Q

goal of population-focused nursing

A

provision of evidence based care to targeted groups of people with similar needs in order to improve outcomes

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7
Q

characteristics of a population-focused nursing

A
  1. focuses on the entire population
  2. based on the assessment of the population’s health status
  3. considers all determinants of health
  4. emphasizes all levels of prevention
  5. intervenes with communities, systems, individuals, and families
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8
Q

public health interventions wheel (population based)

A
  1. core: case finding and individual focused assessment
  2. community-focused
  3. systems-focused
  • answers “what do public health nurses do?”
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9
Q

(public health interventions wheel)

always start with the individual

A

(individual - population group - community)

- based interventions on common problem of the community but still address the individual problem

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10
Q

population based - population at risk

A

people that has common identified risk factor/exposure that brings harm to health

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11
Q

population based - population of interest

A

essentially healthy but their strength can still be enhanced/protected

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12
Q

3 levels of practice

A
  1. community
  2. systems
  3. individual/family
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13
Q

3 levels of practice - community

A

see changes in the community’s norm, attitudes, practices, and behavior

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14
Q

3 levels of practice - systems

A

changes after the intervention. There will be changes in the organizations, in the policies/laws, or power structures in the community - affects the system

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15
Q

3 levels of practice - individual or family

A

Bring effect on their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and behaviors whether individually/family level

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16
Q

17 public health interventions

A

Interventions implemented together to address population concerns

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17
Q

information useful for population focus

A
  1. demographic data
  2. groups at high risk
  3. services/providers available
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18
Q

information useful fo population focus - demographic data

A

Age, Gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education level

Vital statistic data, census

mayor, city hall, civil registry, PSA

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19
Q

information useful fo population focus - groups at high risk

A

Health status and health indicators of various subpopulation

Health statistics (morbidity, mortality, natality), disease statistics (incidence and prevalence)

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20
Q

information useful fo population focus - services/providers available

A

Official (public) health departments

City directories, phone books, local or regional social workers;low income providers’ list, local community health nurses

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21
Q

primary data

A

from the person themselves

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22
Q

Secondary Data

A

collected from the records

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23
Q

examples of demographic data

A
  1. age structure in the population
  2. gender structure
  3. race/ethnicity
  4. median age
  5. socioeconomic status
  6. education level
  7. marital status
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24
Q

types of population groups - age structure

A

based on resources and capability to provide needs and services

  1. Dependent Population
  2. Independent Population
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25
Q

Dependent Population

A
  • Age below 15 and 65 and above
  • Youth Dependent (0-15)
  • Elderly Dependent (65 above)
  • rely on others
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26
Q

Independent Population

A
  • Age between 15 to 64
  • Working group
  • Capable of providing for themselves
    and others
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27
Q

Gender structure - Population pyramid

A

Tell us the structure of the population.
- Allows us to compare the number of people from different age groups and gender
- Determine number of dependent and independent
individuals
- We can project what can happen in
the future

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28
Q

Gender Structure - Sex Ratio

A

Formula: No. Males / No. of Females x 100

= for every blank males there are 100 females

29
Q

Race/Ethnicity

A

Have special needs: We have to preserve and respect their culture, tradition, and practices
- Different groups of indigneous people, bicolano, mangyan, kapampangan etc.

30
Q

median age

A

Gives us a better picture of what the age distribution itself looks life
- Can be used for planning programs and policy making

“24.3 years”

31
Q

socioeconomic status

A

Social - religion, civil status

Economic - Type of job, dependency ratio

Dependency Ratio
- No. of dependent / No. of independent) x 100

32
Q

Education level

A

Determines the level of educational attainment

33
Q

marital status

A

Single - not legally married

Married - have attended sacrament of matrimony

Common law/ Live-in - living together but not
formally recognized not legally binded, nagsasama

Widowed - sumakabilang buhay ang asawa

Separated - single parents

34
Q

High Risk/ Vulnerable Groups

A

Vulnerability is defined as susceptibility to actual or potential stressors that may lead to an adverse effect
- at greater risk for poor health status and that have poor access to health care

  1. Abused Children
  2. People in the correctional (prisoners)
  3. Mentally Disordered
  4. Adolescents (10-19)
35
Q

Adolescence

A

Ranges from ages 10-19
- Time where lifelong health habits including
diet exercise, emotional health, problem solving skills & coping strategies are developed
- Time when they struggle to gain independence which prompt them to engage in risk-taking behaviors
- These behaviors are mostly influenced by their peers, family, characteristics of their community

36
Q

Adolescence - Factors affecting adolescent health issues:

A
  1. Lack of life Skills
  2. Lack of Access to health services
  3. Lack of Safe and Supportive Environment
37
Q

Factors affecting adolescent health issues: Lack of life Skills

A

ability for adaptive and positive behavior that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands of everyday life

38
Q

Factors affecting adolescent health issues: Lack of Access to health services

A

Adolescents neither use nor avail of health services unless they have an underlying condition or acute illness
- rarely use preventive medicines

39
Q

Factors affecting adolescent health issues: Lack of Safe and Supportive Environment

A

Lack of environment that provides physical, social & emotional needs

40
Q

Adolescent Health Issues

A
  1. Early pregnancy & childbirth (30% of births)
  2. HIV
  3. Malnutrition
  4. Mental Health
  5. Tobacco Use
  6. Harmful use of alcohol (starts at 13-15 y/o)
  7. Violence Injuries
41
Q

Characteristics Of Adolescent-Friendly Health Services (WHO)

A
  1. Accessible
    - All services are readily available
  2. Acceptable
    - Adolescents are willing to obtain; meets expectations
  3. Equitable
    - Can be obtained by all groups
  4. Appropriate
    - Meets the needs of the adolescents; right health services are provided
  5. Effective
    - Services provided must have positive contributions & improve the health; given the right way
42
Q

Required Quality of Adolescent Health Service

Provision

A
  1. Available services
  2. Appealing & respectful
  3. Non judgemental & considerate
  4. Appropriate delivery
  5. Support the provision of service
  6. Awareness of available services
  7. Able to willing to obtain service
43
Q

Adult Men and Women Program

A
  1. Management of illness
  2. Counselling substance abuse , sexuality & Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI)
  3. Nutrition & Diet Counselling
  4. Mental Health
  5. Family planning & responsible sexual behavior
  6. Dental care
  7. Screening & management of lifestyle Related & Other Degenerative Diseases
44
Q

health packages for women’s health

A
  1. Breast self-examination: Monthly
  2. Clinical breast examination: Annually
  3. Mammogram (for 14 years & older): Every 1 to 2 years
  4. Pelvic examination & Papanicolaou smear: Annually
  5. Digital rectal examination: Annually with pelvic examination
  6. Bone density: once after menopause & more frequently if at risk
45
Q

health packages for men’s health

A
  1. Gender-linked behavior

2. Screening tests for healthy young men younger than 50 years

46
Q

RA 9262

A

anti-violence against women and their children act of 2004 (VAWC)

  • Any act committed by any person against women & children which is likely to result in physical, sexual, & psychological harm/suffering (includes economic abuse)
47
Q

Advocacy Wheel

A

promotes empowerment

  1. Respect Confidentiality
  2. Believe Her and Validate Her Experiences
  3. Acknowledge the Injustice
  4. Respect Her Autonomy
  5. Help Her Plan for Future Safety
  6. Promote Access to Community Services
48
Q

elderly

A

Aged 60 years and older

  1. Young old (65 to 75 years old)
  2. Middle old (75-84 years old)
  3. Old-old (85 years and older)
49
Q

Challenges of an Elderly

A
  1. Maintaining health and fitness
  2. Maintaining social networks and activities
  3. Feelings of sadness and loss
  4. Ensuring financial security
  5. Decrease in mobility
  6. Increase reliance on others
50
Q

Family Issues in the Care of Filipino Elderly

A
  1. Elderly Abuse
  2. Material or Financial Issue
  3. Neglect
  4. Family Caregiver Burden
  5. Financial Security
  6. Lack of knowledge of informal caregivers
51
Q

Elderly Health Services

A
  1. Management of Illness
  2. Counselling substance abuse, sexuality & Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI)
  3. Nutrition & Diet Counselling
  4. Mental Health
  5. Family planning & responsible sexual behavior
  6. Dental care
  7. Screening & management of lifestyle Related & Other Degenerative Diseases
  8. Screening & management of Chronic debilitating & infectious diseases
  9. Post productive care
52
Q

Benefits of Senior Citizens (20% discount)

A
  1. Medical Related Privileges
  2. Transportation
  3. Hotels, restaurants, recreational facilities, places of
    leisure
  4. Funeral Services
  5. Utility Discount
  6. Tax Exemption
  7. Freebies
  8. Government Assistance
53
Q

philippine plan for action for senior citizens (2012-2016)

A

Vision
- A society for all ages where senior citizens are empower to achieve ageing

3 priority decision or major areas
1. Senior citizens & development
2. Advancing health & well-being into
old age
3. Ensuring enabling & supportive
environments
54
Q

RA 7432

A

act to maximize the contribution of Senior citizens to Nation Building, Grant Benefits & Special Privileges & for other purposes

55
Q

RA 9994

A

Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2010

56
Q

RA 10645

A

Mandatory PhilHealth coverage for all senior citizens

57
Q

Proc. 470

A

1st week of October every year as ”Elderly Filipino Week”

58
Q

RA 9257

A

Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2003

59
Q

facilities for the elderly

A
  • National Center for Geriatric Health (Manila)
  • Golden Acres Home for the Aged (Gov’t)
  • Mountain Crest Residential Care (Cavite)
  • Kanlungan ni Maria
  • Blessed Family Home Care Facility (QC)
60
Q

persons with disability (PWD)

A

With long term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with barriers may hinder their full & effective participation in society

61
Q

7 Categories (DOH Classification)

A
  1. Psychosocial & behavioral disabilities
  2. Chronic illness & disability
  3. Learning (cognitive/intellectual) disabilities
  4. Mental disabilities
  5. Visual/seeing disabilities
  6. Orthopedic/moving disabilities
  7. Communication deficits
62
Q

RA 7277

A

Magna Carta for Disabled Persons

  • provides rehabilitation, self development and self reliance
63
Q

BATAS PAMBASA 344 (Accessibility Law)

A

enhance the mobilities of disabled persons

64
Q

RA 10754

A

act expanding the benefits and privileges of PWDs

65
Q

Benefits of PWD’s

A
  • At least twenty percent discount and exemption from the VAT
  • Educational assistance to PWD
  • Mandatory coverage with Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), Social Security (SSS) and Pag-IBIG and PhilHealth
  • Provision of excess lanes for PWD
66
Q

poor

A

individuals and families

whose income fall below the poverty threshold

67
Q

poverty threshold

A

Minimum income/expenditure required for a family/individual to meet the basic food & non-food requirements

last 2015: Php 1,813 for a family of 5 on average monthly

68
Q

RA 8425

A

Social Reform and Poverty Alleviation Act, enacted on December 11, 1997

69
Q

poverty reduction strategies

A
  1. AmBisyon 2040

2. Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps): phil version of conditional cash transfer

3CHN (4 decks)

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