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PSYCO 105 > 3B intelligence > Flashcards

3B intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

SPEARMAN what is factor analysis

A

using statistics to determine relatedness of variables / items

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2
Q

SPEARMAN when is there relatedness bw variables / items

A

high correlations

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3
Q

SPEARMAN how are related variables / items organized

A

clusters / factors

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4
Q

SPEARMAN what are 2 levels of intelligence

A
  1. g ==> higher level

2. s => lower level

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5
Q

SPEARMAN what does g contain

A

ability that can be applied to any content area

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6
Q

SPEARMAN what does s contain

A

ability that can be applied to specific subject / tasks

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7
Q

SPEARMAN what is characteristic of g and what is characteristic of s

A
  • g ==> not context specific

- s ==> context specific

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8
Q

SPEARMAN what is g predictor of

A
  1. performance in school

2. performance in job

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9
Q

SPEARMAN what is 1st proposal for g

A
  1. g underlies general ability to learn

2. g underlies general ability to problem solve

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10
Q

SPEARMAN what 3 factors does g involve

A
  1. apprehension
  2. education of relations
  3. education of correlates
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11
Q

SPEARMAN what does apprehension refer to

A
  1. size up situation

2. decide on course of action

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12
Q

SPEARMAN what does education of relation and education of correlates refer to

A
  • analogical processing

- applying learned patterns to new situations

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13
Q

SPEARMAN what is 2nd proposal for g

A

g is mental energy available in brain

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14
Q

what did Thurstone use to contradict notion of g

A

factor analysis

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15
Q

what did Thursone conclude about g using factor analysis

A
  • seven factors make up intelligence

- g does not underly 7 factors

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16
Q

what are 7 factors

A
  1. word fluency (knowing words)
  2. verbal comprehension (understanding words)
  3. numerical abilities
  4. spatial visualization
  5. memory
  6. perceptual speed
  7. reasoning
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17
Q

what did Spearman and Thurstone have in common

A

factor analysis

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18
Q

what did Spearman use factor analysis for

A

break down g into clusters

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19
Q

CATTELL what did Cattell do

A

combine theories of Spearman and Thurstone

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20
Q

CATTELL what was at top of Cattell’s intelligence hierarchy

A

general intelligence

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21
Q

CATTELL what was in middle of intelligence hierarchy

A
  1. fluid general intelligence

2. crystallized general intelligence

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22
Q

CATTELL what is Gf

A

ability to solve (new) problems using knowledge you do not already have

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23
Q

CATTELL what is Gc

A

ability to solve problems using knowledge you already have

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24
Q

CATTELL what is cognitive flexibility

A
  1. knowing how to apply knowledge
  2. knowing when to apply knowledge
  3. knowing where to apply knowledge
  4. knowing to what degree to apply knowledge
25
Q

CATTELL what is cog flexibility similar to

26
Q

CATTELL what is relationship bw Gf and Gc in early life

A

high correlation

27
Q

CATTELL what happens to Gf and Gc later in life

A
  • diverge
  • more reliance on Gc
  • less reliance on Gf
28
Q

CATTELL why are Gf and Gc highly correlated at first

A
  • more situation new to us
  • we apply Gf to new situations
  • we build templates in brain for recognizing patterns
  • we crystallize templates (Gc)
29
Q

CATTELL why does Gf decline later on in life

A
  • less situations new to us
  • rely more on pattern recognition
  • rely less on problem solving
30
Q

CATTELL what is wisdom paradox

A
  • rise in Gc

- decline in Gf

31
Q

CATTELL what is general intelligence related to

32
Q

EI what are 4 components of EI

A
  1. ability to perceive emotions accurately
  2. ability to use emotions to facilitate thoughts and actions
  3. ability to understand emotions and where they are coming from
  4. ability to manage emotions
33
Q

EI what kind of people did Damasio study

A
  • damage to brain areas associated with emotion

- no damage to brain areas associated w standard measures of intelligence

34
Q

EI what were Damasio findings

A
  • participants performed normally on IQ test

- participants got overwhelmed by information presented to them

35
Q

EI how does EI contribute to intelligence

A

helps us zero in on relevant information

36
Q

TRIARCHIC what does Sternberg’s theory of triarchic intelligence involve

A
  1. analytical intelligence
  2. creative intelligence
  3. practical intelligence
37
Q

TRIARCHIC what is practical intelligence

A

components applied to real world settings

38
Q

TRIARCHIC what is creative intelligence

A

components applied to unfamiliar situations

39
Q

TRIARCHIC what is practical intelligence

A

intelligence applied to real world settings

40
Q

what is theory of multiple intelligences

A

multiple kinds of intelligence that apply to specific domains of human behaviour

41
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is theory of cultural intelligence

A

general intelligence evolved from social learning

42
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is idea behind theory of cultural intelligence

A
  • innovation central to g comes from coordination of (1) attention (2) working memory (3) PS skills central to social learning
43
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is knowledge illusion

A
  • thinking we know more than we do

- thinking we understand more than we do

44
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is most knowledge held by and not held by

A
  • most knowledge is held by sys of people

- most knowledge is not held by one person

45
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what may cultural intelligence explain

A

Upper Palaeolithic Transition

46
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is Upper Palaeolithic Transition

A

period of intelligence evolution

47
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what happened during Upper Palaeolithic Evolution

A
  • human cognition accelerated

- traits associated with intelligence emerged

48
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what does contextual focus refer to

A

ability to move bw focused attention and defocused attention

49
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is defocused attention associated with

A
  1. intuitive thought

2. expanded attention field

50
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what is focused attention associated with

A
  1. logical thought

2. shrunken attention field

51
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what allows us to expand / shrink attention field

A

metacognitive control

52
Q

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE what happens in defocused

A

filter through information to find what is relevant

53
Q

BIOLOGY what were results of family studies

A
  • higher correlation bw intelligence of biologically related individuals
  • lower correlation bw intelligence biologically unrelated individuals
54
Q

BIOLOGY what do results suggest

A

intelligence is heritable

55
Q

BIOLOGY what is the problem with family studies

A
  • genes and enviro not separate

- hard to tell whether correlation of intelligence of biologically related individuals due to genes or enviro

56
Q

BIOLOGY what is solution to family studies

A

compre

a. correlation of intelligence of identical twins that were raised apart
b. correlation of intelligence of fraternal twins raised together

57
Q

BIOLOGY what does it mean if intelligence correlations higher for identical twins

A

intelligence is heritable

58
Q

BIOLOGY why may genes + enviro not actually have been separated in twin studies

A

twins put into similar enviro

59
Q

BIOLOGY what is nature via nurture

A
  • genes determine range of intelligence

- enviro determines where in range person falls

PSYCO 105 (6 decks)

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