3a: Individual differences Flashcards
What are the big 5 personality traits
OCEAN
Openness Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Openness
Imaginative, creative, original, curious
Conscientioussness
Hard working, well-organised, punctual
Extroversion
Joiner, talkative, active, affectionate
Agreeableness
Trusting, lenient, soft hearted, good natured
Neuroticism
Worried, temperamental, self conscious, emotinal
Genetic influence on personality
50%
Conscientiousness and health (need)
CONSCIENTIOUSSNESS
- Adds 7.5 years to life
- More likely to engage in healthy behaviours
- Higher medical engagement and adherence
How to increase conscientiousness in health
E.g. text reminders, goal-setting
Neuroticism ad health
Increased reporting of somatic symptoms e.g. pain
Higher rates of mental health disorders
Higher mortality rates e.g. in cardiovascular disease
Health behaviour
- Higher rates of healthcare usage
- Less adherence to healthy behaviours
- Higher rate of health harming behaviours
Intelligence meaning
the ability to acquire knowledge, to think and reason effectively, and to deal adaptively with the environment
What is iq score
IQ= mental age/chronological age *100
A score of 100 is considered average
Test-taker’s performance relative to average performance of other’s the same age
What is mental age referring to
All children follow the same course of mental development, but at different paces
Binet-Simon scale measures mental age
What is distribution of IQ scores
Normal
Limitations of IQ
Averaging
-Not good e.g. in strokes where specific cognitive functions may be affected
