3A. Developmental Psychology

Question 1

Recall 4 elements influencing an individual’s “nature”

Answer 1

Gender
Genetics
Temperament
Maturational stage

Question 2

Recall 4 elements influencing how an individual is nurtured

Answer 2

Environment
parenting
Stimulation
Nutrition

Question 3

Define temperament and give examples

Answer 3

Innnate aspects of a person’s personality

eg introversion and extroversion

Question 4

What is reciprocal socialisation?

Answer 4

Bidirectional socialisation: children socialise parents just as parents socialise children

Question 5

Recall the types of attachment and give an example of each

Answer 5

Secure: free expolration and happiness on mother’s return
Insecure: little exploration or response to mother’s return

Question 6

What study was used to assess attachment?

Answer 6

Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Test

Question 7

What did Ainsworth’s Strange Situation test look at?

Answer 7

How much the child explores the room independently, but particularly how they respond to the mother’s return

Question 8

What is the name of the model of cognitive development split into 3 stages?

Answer 8

Piaget’s Model

Question 9

Name the 3 stages of Piaget’s Model of Cognitive Development and recall the ages at which they are expected to be demonstrated

Answer 9

Sensorimotor (<2)
Preoperational (2-7)
Concrete operational (7-12)

Question 10

Describe the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development

Answer 10

Understanding of the world based on sensory experiences of and motor experiences of objects

Question 11

Describe the preoperational stage of cognitive development

Answer 11

World represented symbolically through words and mental images but not yet any understanding of basic mental operations/ rules

Question 12

Describe the concrete operational stage of cognitive development

Answer 12

Can perform basic mental operations concerning problems that involve tangible objects/ situations