1a. Learning Theory Flashcards
Define “classical conditioning”
Process…
Creates ASSOCIATION…
NATURALLY existing stimulus…
Previously NEUTRAL stimulus
Name the 2 key studies that demonstrate classical conditioning
Pavlov's Dogs Little Albert (Watson and Rayner)
Recall the unconditioned and conditioned stimulus and unconditioned response in Pavlov’s Dogs
Unconditioned: food
Conditioned: bell
UCR: salivate
Recall the unconditioned and conditioned stimulus and unconditioned response in the Little Albert Experiment
Unconditioned: Fluffy rat
Conditioned: loud noise
UCR: crying
Define “unconditioned stimulus”
Elicits REFLEXIVE/ innate response…
UNCONDITIONED stimulus
Define “conditioned stimulus”
Through ASSOCIATIONw with UCS…
Elicits CONDITIONED response = SIMILAR to UCS
Define “unconditioned response”
REFLEXIVE/innate responce
Elicited by UCS
NO PRIOR LEARNING
Define “conditioned response”
Response elicited by conditioned stimulus
Define “stimulus generalisation”
Tendency
Respond to SIMILAR stimuli to CS
Elicits same but WEAKER CR
Define “stimulus discrimination”
Ability to RESPOND DIFFERENTLY to different stimuli
Define “extinction” with respect to learning theory
CS presented REPEATEDLY in ABSENCE of UCS…
CR weakens then disappears
Recall the 3 ways by which observational learning occurs
Watching actions of another
Imitating actions of another
noting consequences of another
Recall the 4 things required for successful observational learning
"A really productive method" Attention Retention Production Motivation
Name the key study to recall for observational learning
Bobo Doll
Bandura 1961
Describe the Bandura 1961 study
Children watched adults aggressively beat up bobo doll, they imitated