3A Flashcards by Lisa Z

one’s place of work

직장

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a boss, supervisor

상사

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a new employee

신입 사원

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a club where people with the same interests gather together

동아리

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a senior, an elder

선배

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a new member

신입 회원

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Please help (somebody). (polite)

많이 도와주세요.

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sociology

사회학

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There is a lot that I don’t know.

모르는 것이 많습니다.

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I hope we enjoy our time together.

앞으로 여러분과 잘 지내고 싶습니다.

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I’ll do my best.

앞으로 열심히 하겠습니다.

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I would be grateful for your help.

잘 부탁드립니다.

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to be smart, intelligent

똑똑하다

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to be curious

궁금하다

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to work (in a company)

근무하다

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How do you do? (for the first meeting only)

처음 뵙겠습니다.

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single (unmarried)

미혼

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a building

건물

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a multimedia room

멀티미디어실

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a school infirmary

보건실

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a computer lab

컴퓨터실

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a table tennis room

탁구장

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department

과

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an exchange student

교환 학생

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a report, a paper

보고서

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a student ID card

학생증

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academic credits/grades

학점

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a junior

후배

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to join, to become a member of

가입하다

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an application form

신청서

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to gather, to get together

모이다

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a gathering

모임

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Membership Training

엠티

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a library

도서관

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lending

대출

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return

반납

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to return

반납하다

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the return date

바납일

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to pay a late fee

연체료를 내다

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이용 규칙

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an entrance

입구

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two weeks away from now, the week after next

다다음 주

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to print out

출력하다

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homepage

홈페이지

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under ground

지하

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a corridor

복도

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each week

매주

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the oppostie side, the other side

맞은편

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to follow the rules

규칙을 지키다

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to be closed (passive)

(-이/가) 닫히다

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to be overdue

(-이/가) 지나다

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a guard

경비 아저씨

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to get scolded

(-이/가) (-에게) 혼나다

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to pass the due date

반납일이 지나다

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to put (something)(somewhere) and leave it

놓고 나오다

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actually, in fact

사실은

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points to be careful of

주의 사항

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does such a thing exist?

그런 게 있어?

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Of course!

당연하지!

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a language

언어

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self confidence

자신감

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to gain self-confidence

자신감이 생기다

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enivronment, surroundings

환경

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to experience

경험하다

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to feel

느끼다

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what one felt

느낀 점

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to improve

(-이/가) 늘다

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to improve one’s Korean proficiency

한국어가 늘다

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to adapt

(-에) 적응하다

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to solve (a problem)

해결하다

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to be new, unfamiliar

새롭다

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to be familiar (with)

익숙하다

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gradually

점점

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They say I’ve become like a Korean person.

한국 사람이 다 됐대요.

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a dormitory

기숙사

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a kitchen

부엌

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a living room

거실

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boarding house

하숙집

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a house

주택

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a one-room apartment

원룸

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a shower stall

샤워실

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furniture

가구

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a sink

싱크대

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a wardrobe

옷장

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bed

침대

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the gas works (now).

가스가 들어와요.

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a real estate angency

부동산

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deposit

보증금

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to be closed (window)

창문이 닫히다

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to leak (when raining)

비가 새다

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the light works (now)

불이 들어와요.

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to have the water drain

물이 내려가다

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to have water

물이 나오다

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to have heating

난방이 되다

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a real estate agent

부동산 중개인

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a shopping center

쇼핑센터

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monthly rent

월세

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lease of a house on a deposit basis

전세

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a residential area

주택가

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owner of a house

집주인

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to be hot

뜨겁다

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nearby amenities

주변 환경

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The air is fresh.

공기가 맑다

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to have a good view

전망이 좋다

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I don’t know what to do.

어떻게 해야 할지 잘 모르겠어요.

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point

점

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good point and bad point, strong point

장단점

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a point of difficulty

힘든 점

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to look for, seek

구하다

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to be messy, disorderly

지저분하다

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to be unfriendly

불친절하다

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to suggest, propose

제안하다

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first, before anything else

먼저

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to pay fifty-fifty (percentage)

반씩 내다

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What a surprise.

깜짝이야.

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What are you looking for?

뭘 그렇게 열심히 보고 있어?

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How about if we do this?

우리 이렇게 하면 어떨까?

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family-like (atmosphere, relationship)

가족적

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living together with others

공동생활

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a stall, a (school) store

매점

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fee

비

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building maintenance fee

관리비

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a dormitory fee

기숙사비

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dining costs, cafeteria fee

식사비

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the charge for lodging, boarding house fee

하숙비

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a rate, a charge

요금

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the gas rates

가스 요금

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the water rates

수도 요금

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the power rates

전기 요금

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about, degree

정도

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drawing lots

추첨

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to run (a business)

운영하다

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to be included

(-이/가) 포함되다

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each, separately

각각

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separately, apart

따로

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in advance

미리

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double occupancy

2인 1실

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to lose in a lottery or drawing

추첨에서 떨어지다

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I hope this advice will be a help to you.

여러분께 도움이 되면 좋겠습니다.

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self introduction

자기소개

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to have a small amount of time

시간이 적다

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to be lively, active

활발하다

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by chance

우연히

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to have matching personalities

성격이 맞다

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to have a quiet personality

성격이 조용하다

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Where are you on your way to?

어디 가는 길이에요?

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nationality

국적

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dream

꿈

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a blind date

미팅

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to have a blind date

미팅을 하다

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this and/or another, one thing and/or another

이것저것

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a neighbour

이웃

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oneself

자기

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weekdays

평일

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overseas

해외

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an overseas business trip

해외 출장

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activity

활동

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to take an active part (in)

활동을 하다

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to enter (into)

(-에) 들어오다

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to enter a company (as a new employee)

회사에 들어오다

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together (ㅎ)

함께

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a newspaper reporter, journalist

신문 기자

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make sure to rest

폭 쉬세요.

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to calculate

계산하다

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schon

벌써/ 이미

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“it has been…(amount of time) since”

-은 지 …(시간) 됐다

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add supplementary information about someone/something that one is introducing

N-은/는 N-인데

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“if you intend to do something”; used when giving or requesting advice about an intended action; often used with -아/어야 하다/되다, -으세요, -이/가 필요하다, -으면 되다

form
shortened form

-으려고 하면

* -으려면

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used when an action adequately fulfills a condition, x means in this pattern “to be enough, okay, no problem”

-우면산 되다
(되다 means in this pattern “to be enough, okay, no problem”)
(sounds naturally with 그냥 or -만)

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Reported speech contracted form: present

동사
형용사/있다
-이다

-는다고 해요 -> -는대요
-다고 해요 -> -대요
-이라고 해요 -> 이래요

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Reported speech contracted form: past

-았/었다고 해요 -> -았/었대요

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Reported speech contracted form: future/guess

-을 거라고 해요 -> -을 거래요

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Reported speech contracted form: suggestion

-자고 해요 -> 재요

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Reported speech contracted form: command/request

negative form
verbs ending in ㄹ

-으라고 해요 -> -으래요

-지 말라고 하다
-라고 하다

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Reported speech contracted form: question

-냐고 해요 -> -냬요

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reported speech: 저/제

자기

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reported speech: 주세요

reported speaker and the person who benefits from the action are different
reported speaker and the person who benefits are the same

주라고 해요

* 달라고 해요

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reported speech: used when conveying a past fact which is completely separated from the present

-댔어요

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used when some fact is close to or on a certain side instead of talking about it as definite

verb
adjective
있다/없다
이다/아니다
general situation in the past
explaining some event completed at a point in the past

v-는 편이다 (an adverb like 자주, 많이, 잘 must be used)
adj-은 편이다
있/없는 편이다
인/아닌 편이다
-은/는 편이었다
-(으)ㄴ 편이다

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“it’s true that”; used when expressing one’s own opinion which is different from what would be expected based on prior information
“it’s true that” -shortened
“it’s true that, but”

-기는 하다
-긴 하다
-긴 하지만

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more than 20%

이십 퍼센트 이상

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schon (2)

벌써/ 이미

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a wedding

결혼식

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White

흰색

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a waiting room

대기실

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a band

띠

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black

검은색

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I wish you a lot of luck in the New Year!

새해 복 많이 받으세요.

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to perform a New Year’s bow

세배를 드리다

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a traditional Korean game played with four sticks

윷놀이

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consecutive holidays

연휴

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the New Year’s gift of money given to juniors

셋뱃돈

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a wedding hall

결혼식장

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to clap (one’s hands)

박수를 치다

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an envelope

봉투

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to throw the boquet

부케를 던지다

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to get married (female only)

(-이/가) 시집가다

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to get married (male only)

(-이/가) 장가가다

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a bridegroom

신랑

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a bride

신부

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congratulatory money

축의금

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a reception

피로연

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a reception hall

피로연장

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I came to see Mr. Kim, the manager.

김 무장님을 보러 왔는데요.

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to receive a visitor

손님을 맞다

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to visit

방문하다

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to burn incense

향을 피우다

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condolence money

조의금

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to bow

절을하다

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to console

위로하다

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a portrait

영정

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a room where a coffin is placed until the funeral day

빈소

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a funeral parlor

장례식장

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a funeral

장례식

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How can I help you?

무슨 일로 오셨습니까?

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rice-cake soup

떡국

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a place of residence (honorific form)

댁

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to have a talk

이야기를 나누다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

(to be) in a meeting

회의 중

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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(to be) out

외출 중

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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(to be) eating

식사 중

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

He’s not in right now.

지금 자리에 안 계신데요.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Would you like something to drink?

뭐 마실 것 좀 드릴까요?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You didn’t have to bring anything.

뭐 이런 걸 다 사 오셨어요?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It’s nothing.

별거 아니에요.

How well did you know this?

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Perfectly

Have a safe trip home.

조심해서 가세요.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a professor (honorific form)

교수님

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a department manager

부장님

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a research lab

연구실

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a farewell party

환송회

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to see (humble form of 보다)

뵈다

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to praise

칭찬하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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(to be) in class

수업 중

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

appearance

외모

How well did you know this?

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an impression

인상

How well did you know this?

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first impression

첫 인상

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bobbed hair

단발머리

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straight hair

생머리

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short hair

스포츠형머리

How well did you know this?

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permed hair

파마머리

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to be small and longish (used to describe faces)

갸름하다

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to be round in shape

둥글다

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to be slim

날씬하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to be fat

뚱뚱하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to be thin

마르다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to have a good build

체격이 좋다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to be chubby

통통하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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character / personality

성격

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to be sociable

사교적이다

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to be frank / candid

솔직하다

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to be gentle / well behaved

얌전하다

How well did you know this?

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to be humorous

유머 감각이 있다

How well did you know this?

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to be very understanding

이해심이 많다

How well did you know this?

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to be active

적극적이다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to be gentle (males)

점잖다

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to be active

활동적이다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to describe, represent

묘사하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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all day (long)

하루 종일

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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How does he/she look?

어떻게 생겼는데?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to dry (hair)

드라이하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to apply

바르다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to apply mousse

무스를 바르다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to be good-looking

잘생기다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to have an attractive face

얼굴이 잘생기다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to have good talks because of common interests

대화가 통하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to put on / wear glasses

안경을 끼다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

not long ago

얼마 전에

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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boyfriend/girlfriend (a romantic interst of the opposite sex)

이성 친구

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How did you know that?

어떻게 알았어?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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He/she cares a lot about his/her appearance.

외모에 얼마나 신경을 쓰는데.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

capability

능력

How well did you know this?

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to be capable

능력이 있다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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an association of like-minded people

동호회

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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business card / name card

명함

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to exceed

(-이/가) 넘다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to select / to choose

선택하다

How well did you know this?

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to be deep

깊다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to think deeply

생각이 깊다

How well did you know this?

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to be varied / to be diverse

다양하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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never / absolutely (not)

절대

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be too picky

눈이 높다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to have a wide circle of acquaintances

발이 넓다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be close lipped

입이 무겁다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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to keep a secret

비밀을 지키다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

vorsichtig sein

조심하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

auf die Gesundheit achten

건강에 조심하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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ob; ob…oder

V-ㄹ 지

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ich weiß nicht, ob er geht oder nicht.

그가 갈지 안 갈지 모르겠다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flüstern

소곤소곤거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

klimpern, klirren

달그락달그락거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

husten

콜록콜록거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

schniefen

훌쩍훌쩍거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

rumpeln, krachen

우당탕거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

gluckern

벌컥벌컥하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

knirschen, crunchen

사각사각거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

stampfen

뚜벅뚜벅하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lachen (Lautmalerei)

하하

How well did you know this?

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schlafend atmen

쿨쿨

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hektisch, eilig

성격이 급하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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(sehr) ordentlich

꼼꼼하다

How well did you know this?

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passiv, zögernd

소극적이다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

stur, eigensinnig

고집이 세다

How well did you know this?

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relaxed

느긋하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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bodenständig

털털하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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gedankenlos, vergesslich

덤벙대다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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all smiles

싱글벙글거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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schläfrig sein, einnicken

꾸벅꾸벅거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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(heimlich) Blicke zuwerfen, to glance

힐끗힐끗거리다/하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lose (wie bei Kleidung)

헐렁헐렁하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

glitzern, funkeln

반짝반짝하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

gehetzt aussehen

허둥지둥하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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grummeln

투덜투덜하다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mischmasch

뒤죽박죽이다/으로

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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auf Zehenspitzen

살금살금

How well did you know this?

Not at all

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hüpfend

깡충깡충

How well did you know this?

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machine

기계

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household electric appliances

가전제품

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a copy machine

복사기

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an electrical outlet

콘센트

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to plug (something) in

콘센트에 꽂다

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the on/off button

파워 버튼

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a plug

플러그

How well did you know this?

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to be improperly connected

연결이 잣못되어 있다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to have a paper jam

종이가 걸리다

How well did you know this?

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to be not switched on (computer)

컴퓨터가 안 켜지다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

to be out of toner

토너가 떨어지다

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a customer

고객

How well did you know this?

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customer inquiries center

고객 상담실

How well did you know this?

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a consultant

상담원

How well did you know this?

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How can I help you?

무엇을 도와 드릴까요?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Could I have your contact number, please?

연락 가능한 번호를 알려 주시겠습니까?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can I help you?

무엇을 도와 드릴까요?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pease leave your name and a contact address.

이름과 연락처를 남겨 주세요

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

I’m happy to be of assisstance to you.

친절하게 모시겠습니다.

How well did you know this?

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a result

결과

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the person being spoken to

상대방

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an original copy

원본

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to press, push down

누르다

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to click

클릭하다

How well did you know this?

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the line is busy. (the person being called is on the phone)

통화 중

How well did you know this?

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ATM

현금 인출기

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etc.

기타

How well did you know this?

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model name

모델명

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a time

시기

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time of purchase

구입 시기

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an area, region

지역

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to purchase, to buy

구입하다

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to connect, to link

(-을/를) (-와/과) 연결하다

How well did you know this?

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to confirm

확인하다

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to be possible, to be feasible

가능하다

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a technician who fixes goods

서비스 기사

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to be saved

(-이/가) 저장되어 있다

How well did you know this?

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If you could do that, it would be good (nice).

그래 주셨으면 좋겠어요.

How well did you know this?

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Perfectly

What should I do? (showing exasperation)

어떻게 하지?

How well did you know this?

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function

기능

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design

디자인

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the truth

사실

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a mistake, error

실수

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by mistake

실수로

a guidebook, handbook

안내서

quantity, amount, volume

양

to be large in quantity

양이 많다

a female

여성

bean sprouts

콩나물

to see (a performance, etc.)

관람하다

to be leftover

(-이/가) 남다

to have food leftover

음식이 남다

to ignore, to disregard

무시하다

to upload

올리다

to upload text

글을 올리다

to pack, wrap

포장하다

to be difficult, troublesome

곤란하다

to drop into the water

물에 빠뜨리다

for example

예를 들면

to come and go

오고 가다

to be unavoidable

할 수 없이

to be packed, to be wrapped

(-이/가) 포장되어 있다

tofu

두부

to print

인쇄하다

scanner

스개너

as it is

2. just

그냥

to be careful

주의하다

to be dark, gloomy

어둡다

to be thick

진하다

thickly, too much (make up)

진하게

without a word

말없이

a close relationship

가까운 사이

to pay attention

신경을 쓰다

to wear accessories

액세서리를 하다

I intend to …, so …/ I promise to…., so …

-을 테니까 + imperative(-으세요, -아/어 주세요, etc.)/propositive (-읍시다, -을까요?, -는 게 어때요?, etc.)

während (2 Aktionen gleichzeitig)

-으면서

monologue, plain speech,journals, novels, newspaper

verb
adjective
있다/없다
이다/아니다

verb: -는다
adjective: -다
있다/없다: 있다/없다
이다/아니다: 이다/아니다

used when knowledge of a fact comes from the experience in the preceding clause. The following clause usually expresses the feeling (opinion) of the speaker. when talking about experienced facts, the clause following x is usually in the past tense.

-어/아 보니까

because/when expressing the reason to cause of some fact. usually used in formal situations or writing.

cannot be used in a command or suggestion (use -으니까)

(왜냐하면) -기 때문에

tense appears in both the preceding and following clause! 선생님 전화번호를 몰랐기 때문에 전화를 못했다.

used to express the speaker’s hopes, wishes, desires.

-았/었으면 좋겠다

used to disagree with another person’s opinion based on one’s own observation or experience.

-던데요

used when the speaker is confirming something that he/she has heard before. used a lot when speaking.

(past, perfect/present/future,guess)
•Verb
•Adjektiv 
•있다/없다 
•이다/아니다

-다면서요? follows same rules as reported speech

verb: -았/었다면서요/-는다면서요/-을 거라면서요
adjective: -았/었다면서요/-다면서요
있다/없다: wie adjective, futur existiert (selbe Endung wie bei Verben)!
이다/아니다: -이|였|었다면서요, 아니었다면서요/-이라면서요, 아니라면서요/-일 거라면서요, 아닐 거라면서요

Ja, aber von wem hast du das gehört?

네. 그런데 그 이야기를 누구한테서 들었어요?

used when the speaker is expressing concern about a possible situation/speaker worries that something might happen

-을 텐데 걱정이다

when worrying about something which is thought to have already happened

-었/았을 텐데 걱정이다

relative clause ending (동사)

past
present
future

past: -은
present: -는
future: -을

used to introduce a circumstance or situation before expressing the speaker’s main point in the following clause. often used to provide background information prior to asking a question, making a proposition or giving an order.

NOT used when the following clause ends in a statement and the information in the preceding clause is the reason for it! ->아/어서

-은/는데

used to contrast two facts or conditions. “…but…”

adjective
길다
쉽다
verb
살다
past
부르다(past

note: -은/는 is added to the subjects which are compared. 이/가, 을/를 are replaced! -에, -에서, -한테 are supplemented!

(형용사) -은데
길다-긴데
쉽다-쉬운데
(동사) -는데
살다-사는데
past: -았/었는데
부르다(past)-불렀는데

call
say,call out,dictate
sing

부르다

“to become, to get”. used to indicate a change or development from a certain condition to another.

present; also used to speak about well -known facts, or generally agreed-upon truths (usually used with adjectives)
past
다르다 (past)

present: -아/어지다
past: -아/어졌어요
다르다 (past) - 달라졌어요

of course, isn’t it, eh, not sure, question softening

* must do (colloquial)

-죠 or -지 (informal)

* -어/아 야 죠/지

“even if/though”

(아무리 no matter how) … -아/어도

“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something

-은 적이 있다

meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)

-아/어 본 적이 있다

used to express one’s lack of doing something

-은 적이 없다

“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.

-도…-도

added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서

“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows

adj
verb, 있다/없다
negative
살다
덥다

adj: -은지 알다
verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
negative: -은/는지 모르다
살다: 사는지 알다
덥다: 더운지 알다

used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death

-겠-

used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence

-으시

honorific form: 이/가

-께서

honorific form: 한테

-께

honorific form: -은/는

-께서는

used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”

-았/었을 때

Bedeutungsunterschied bei Bewegungsverben 가다, 오다, plus deren Kombinationen:
•갔을 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is completed
•갈 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is in progress

“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed

게 되다
게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives

Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.

처음 한국에 왔을 때에는

한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.

used to express the speaker’s resolution or firm decision to do something in the future. is is usually in the past tense because it describes a decision made in the past, even though the plan being made will take place in the future

-기로 했어요

“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something

-은 적이 있다

meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)

-아/어 본 적이 있다

used to express one’s lack of doing something

-은 적이 없다

“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.

-도…-도

added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서

“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows

adj
verb, 있다/없다
negative
살다
덥다

adj: -은지 알다
verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
negative: -은/는지 모르다
살다: 사는지 알다
덥다: 더운지 알다

used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death

-겠-

used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence

-으시

honorific form: 이/가

-께서

honorific form: 한테

-께

honorific form: -은/는

-께서는

used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”

-았/었을 때

“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed

게 되다
게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives

Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.

처음 한국에 왔을 때에는

한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.

-기로 했어요

“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something

-은 적이 있다

meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)

-아/어 본 적이 있다

used to express one’s lack of doing something

-은 적이 없다

“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.

-도…-도

added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서

“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows

adj
verb, 있다/없다
negative
살다
덥다

adj: -은지 알다
verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
negative: -은/는지 모르다
살다: 사는지 알다
덥다: 더운지 알다

used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death

-겠-

used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence

-으시

honorific form: 이/가

-께서

honorific form: 한테

-께

honorific form: -은/는

-께서는

used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”

-았/었을 때

“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed

게 되다
게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives

Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.

처음 한국에 왔을 때에는

한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.

-기로 했어요

“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something

-은 적이 있다

meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)

-아/어 본 적이 있다

used to express one’s lack of doing something

-은 적이 없다

“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.

-도…-도

added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서

“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows

adj
verb, 있다/없다
negative
살다
덥다

adj: -은지 알다
verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
negative: -은/는지 모르다
살다: 사는지 알다
덥다: 더운지 알다

used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death

-겠-

used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence

-으시

honorific form: 이/가

-께서

honorific form: 한테

-께

honorific form: -은/는

-께서는

used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”

-았/었을 때

“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed

게 되다
게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives

Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.

처음 한국에 왔을 때에는

한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.

-기로 했어요

informal way to ask questions (ㅅ,ㄷ must be dropped)
to express the meaning of “because” or “therefore” like “~(으)니까
to provide information for an upcoming clause, with a slight meaning of “because”

question: -니

* -(으)니

instead of

대신에

für sein Alter jung aussehen; jünger als seine Jahre sein; jünger aussehen, als er ist

나이에 비하여 젊다

Tradition

전통

(vor Wut) mit den Zähnen knirschen

치를 떨다

as many as one hundred thousand people

무려 10만 명

für jn. kaufen

x을/를 사 주다

~기 때문에
•past
•future

있/었기 때문에

* ㄹ 것이기 때문에

(Buben)strich -(e)s, -e; Mutwille -ns; Schabernack -(e)s, -e; Possen -s, -; Unart -en

장난

einen Streich machen (jm.); dummes Zeug machen (jm.); Schabernack [Possen] treiben; [가지고 놀다] spielen (mit); [까불다] Kapriolen machen; Unsinn machen; [농담하다] scherzen;…

장난하다

Bengel -s, -; Frechdachs

장난꾼

mit dem Feuer spielen

불장난하다

das unartige Kind, -(e)s, -er; Balg -(e)s, Bälger; Unart -(e)s, -e; Spitzbube -n, -n; Schalk -(e)s, -e [Schälke]

장난꾸러기

mutwillig, possenhaft; unartig

장난의[치는]

auf [im, zum] Scherz [Spaß]

장난으로

durch Zufall

우연히

Würde ; Erhabenheit ; Gravität ; Majestät

위엄[威嚴]

Handel treiben

무역하다

Handel -s; Handelsverkehr -(e)s

무역[貿易]

Handelsware

무역품

internationaler Handel

국제무역

Handelshafen

무역항

verschieden(artig); allerlei; mannigfaltig

갖다

vermischt; bunt; viel; vielerlei (Attributform)

갖은

umgehen; (mit jm.); verkehren (mit jm.); Umgang [gesellschaftlichen Verkehr] pflegen[haben] (mit jm.)

사귀다 (사귈래요)

I should/I must

-(어/아)야지

to expect

터이다

“I imagine,” “I would think,” “it must be”

a. N
b. V

a. N. + ㄹ/일 텐데(요)

b. V. + ㄹ/을 텐데(요)

die Chinesische Republik

중화민국

Er ging, ohne ein Wort zu sagen.

그는 아무 말 없이 가버렸다.

plötzlich; auf einmal; mit eins; unerwartet

갑자기

[예문] leicht; mühelos; [사소한] gering(fügig); kleinlich; unbedeutend 만만한

만만하다

an Schlaflosigkeit leiden

불면증에 걸리다

to cook (meal/rice)

밥하다

“entweder/oder” bei ähnlichen Dingen

이든

독일맥주 이든 한국맥주이든 상관 없어.

dünn, schwach (Verb)

얇다

dünner Stoff

얇은 옷

dringend sein

간절하다

ganz dringend sein

매우 간절하다

eine inständige Bitte

간절한 부탁

von guter Qualität

좋은 품질의

Dringlichkeit, Eile

절박

drängen, bevorstehen

절박하다

Die Zeit drängt

때가/시일이 절박하다

Die Sache drängt

사태가 절박하다

stocken, verzögern, im Rückstand sein

밀리다

Die allgemeinen Verhältnisse des Volkes

민정

Volk, Nation

민족

Volkssitte, -brauch

민속

Volkskunde

민속학

Ästhetik

미학, 미적 감각

ästhetisch

미학적인, 미적인

Dialekt

사투리

during

중에

Bestimmung, Destination

지정

festsetzen, bestimmen

지정하다

geographische Lage

지정학적 위치

Geopolitik

지정학

Ich habe nur wenig gegessen.

나는 조금밖에 먹지 않았다.

Lebensbahn -en [Lebenslauf -es, -läufe; Lebensgang -(e)s, -gänge]; Karriere -n; persönliche Erlebnisse

경력

ähnlich sein [sehen]; ähneln; aussehen (wie); arten (nach)

닮다

[예문] klar; durchsichtig; hell; ungetrübt 맑은

맑다

heiteres Wetter

맑은 날씨

appearance

외모

impression

인상

first impression

첫인상

bobbed hair

단발머리

straight hair

생머리

short hair

스포츠형 머리

permed hair

파마머리

to be small and longish, oval (used to describe faces)

갸름하다

to be round in shape

동글다

to be slim

날씬하다

to be fat

뚱뚱하다

to be thin

마르다

to have a good physique/build

체격이 좋다

to be chubby

통통하다

character, personality

성격

to be sociable

사교적이다

to be frank, candid

솔직하다

to be gentle, well-behaved, modest (usually used to describe females)

얌전하다

to be humorous, to have a sense of humor

유머 감각이 있다

to be very understanding

이해심이 많다

to be active

적극적이다

to be gentle (usually used with males)

점잖다

to be active, energetic

활동적이다

to describe, represent

묘사하다

all day (long)

하루 종일

How does he/she look?

어떻게 생겼는데?

to dry (hair)

드라이하다

to apply

바르다

to apply/use mousse

무스를 바르다

to be good-looking

잘생기다

to have an attractive face

얼굴이 잘생기다

to have good talks because of common interests

대화가 통하다

to put on, to wear glasses

안경을 끼다

not long ago

얼마 전에

boyfriend/girlfriend (romantic partner)

이성 친구

How did you know that?

어떻게 알았어요?

He/She cares a lot about his/her appearance.

외모에 얼마나 신경을 쓰는데.

capability

능력

to be capable

능력이 있다

an association of like-minded people

동호회

business card, name card

명함

to exceed

(이/가) 넘다

to select, choose

선택하다

to be deep

깊다

to be thoughtful and considerate

생각이 깊다

to think deeply

생각을 깊게 하다

to be varied, diverse

다양하다

never, absolutely (not)

절대

to be too picky

눈이 높다

to have a wide circle of acquaintances

발이 넓다

to be closed lipped

입이 무겁다

to keep a secret

비밀을 지키다

machine

기계

household electric appliances

가전제품

copy machine

복사기

scanner

스캐너

electric outlet (for electricity)

콘센트

to plug (something) in

콘센트에 꽃다

the on/off button

파워 버튼

plug

플러그

to be improperly connected

연결이 잘못되어 있다

to have a paper jam

종이가 걸리다

to be not switched on (computer)

컴퓨터가 안 켜지다

to be out of toner

토너가 떨어지다

customer (ㄱ)

고객

customer inquiries center

고객 상담실

consultant

상담원

How can I help you?

무엇을 도와 드릴까요?

Please leave your name and a contact address.

이름과 연락처를 남겨 주세요.

Could I have your contact number, please?

연락 가능한 번호를 알려 주시겠습니까?

I’m happy to be of assistance to you.

친절하게 모시겠습니다.

result

결과

the person being spoken to (in a conversation)

상대방

original copy

원보

to press, push down

누르다

to print

인쇄하다

to click

클릭하다

The line is busy. (the person called is on the phone)

통화 중

ATM

현금 인출기

etc.

기타

model name

모델명

a time

시기

time of purchase

구입 시기

area, region

지역

to purchase, to buy

구입하다

to connect, to link

(을/를) (와/과) 연결하다

to confirm

확인하다

to be possible, to be feasible

가능하다

a technician who fixes goods

서비스 기사

to be saved

(이/가) 저장되어 있다

If you could do that, it would be nice.

그래 주셨으면 좋겠어요.

What should I do? (showing exasperation)

어떻게 하지?

function

기능

tofu

두부

design

디자인

the truth

사실

mistake, error

실수

guidebook, handbook

안내서

quantity, amount, volume

양

to be large in quantity

양이 많다

a female

여성

bean sprouts

콩나물

to see (a performance, etc.)

관람하다

to be leftover

(이/가) 남다

to have food leftover

음식이 남다

to ignore, to disregard

무시하다

to upload

올리다

to upload text

글을 올리다

to pack, to wrap

포장하다

to be difficult, troublesome

곤란하다

to drop into the water

물에 빠뜨리다

for example

예를 들면

to come and go

오고 가다

to be packed, to be wrapped

(이/가) 포장되어 있다

to be unavoidable

할 수 없이

duty, business

업무

general duties

일반 업무

education, training

교육

marketing

마케팅

promotion, an attempt to make a product or event popular

홍보

project

프로젝트

to be in charge (of) (2)

담당하다, 맡다

to win recognition, to be acknowledged

인정받다

to be satisfied

만족하다

to feel the value of (something)

보람을 느끼다

job advertisement (want ad)

구인 광고

an experienced person

경험자

working student, part-time employee

아르바이트생

an intern

인턴사원

regular employee

정식 사원

to recruit

모집하다

to select somebody

사람을 뽑다

to apply (for)

(에) 지원하다

to be employed

(이/가) (으로) 체용되다

to be highly competitive

경쟁률이 높다

payment, salary, wage

보수

newspaper company

신문사

certification

자격증

to obtain a certification

자격증을 따다

advice

조언

to seek advice, to get advice

조언을 듣다

to encourage

격려하다

to make an inquiry

문의하다

a call of inquiry

문의 전화

to be fixed

(이/가) 정해지다

to progress

(이/가) 진행되다

insurance company

보험 회사

Just let me know if you need anything.

필요한 게 있으면 언제든지 말씀하세요.

You are capable so you can do it, Hans.

한스 씨라면 잘할 수 있을 거예요.

South East Asia

동남아

society

사회

social experience

사회 경험

life (working life, social life)

사회생활

a trip abroad, an overseas trip

해외여행

in addition

게다가

to acquire (accumulate) experience

경험을 쌓다

to be strained

긴장이 되다

That must have been great.

좋았겠다.

career, record

경력

tourist site

관광지

Eastern Europe

동유럽

purpose

목적

future

미래

package tour

여행상품

package tour planner

여행 상품 기획가

sex (distinguished by gender)

성별

honeymoon

신혼여행

travel destination

여행지

age

연령

itinerary, journey

일정

the year before last

재작년

information

정보

resort

휴양지

to be related to, to be connected with

(와/과) 관계되다

to plan, to make a plan

기획하다

to be anticipated

(이/가) (으로) 예상되다

also (ㄸ)

또한

very (ㅁ)

매우

3 years of experience

3년차

to cost money

돈이 들다

up and coming career

뜨는 직업

service minded

서비스 정신

the coming 22nd (date)

오는 22일

5-day work week

주 5일제

post office

우체국

contents

내용물

box

박스

parcel, package

소포

to put (a thing) up on something

(을/를) (에) 올려놓다

scale

저울

surface mail (by ship)

배편

airmail (by air)

항공편

ordinary mail

보통 우편

express mail

빠른 우편

bank

은행

bill

고지서

amount of money

금액

take a number (ticket)

번호표를 뽑다

PIN number

비밀 번호

fee for use

사용료

fee, service charge

수수료

check

수표

Korean currency

원화

to have custody of (something)

보관하다

to look after (someone)

보호하다

to be born

태어나다

to be discounted

(이/가) 할인되다

to behave

행동하다

at the time of purchase

구매 시

box office hours (the time tickets are sold)

매표 시간

movie showing

영화 상영

bankbook

통장

cash

현금

cash card

현금 카드

exchange rate

환율

exchange

환전

immigration office

출입국 관리 사무소

to sign one’s name

서명하다

to extend

연장하다

revenue stamp (in exchange for money)

인지

to reissue

재발급하다

to be discounted

(이/가) 할인되다

to draw a picture

그림을 그리다

to put something somewhere and leave (intentionally or unintentionally)

두고 가다

general information center

종합 안내소

Please ring the bell to get off at this stop.

이번 정류장에서 내리실 분은 벨을 눌러주시기 바랍니다.

There is a large gap between the train and the platform at this station.

이 역은 전동차와 승강장 사이가 넓습니다.

Please turn off your phone or put it on vibrate.

휴대 전화는 전원을 꺼 주시거나 진동으로 해 주십시오.

name (honorific form)

성함

to be broken

(이/가) 깨지다

to tear away

떼어 내다

verification button

확인 버튼

Is it all done?

다 된 거예요?

It’s all done.

다 됐어요.

child (ㅅ)

소인

adult

대인

art gallery

미술관

free gift, promotional gift

사은품

promenade, walk

산책로

first-come-first-served basis

선착순

child, children (어)

어린이

train (ㅇ)

열차

schedule

예정

event

행사

to separate

분리하다

a recycling container

분리수거함

to do damage

피해를 주다

damage

피해

one day ahead

전날

pet

애완동물

ID card

신분증

transportation ticket

승차권

number of tickets

매수

close reading

독서

to lend

대여하다

rent

대여료

lending

대여

spectator

관람객

seeing, viewing, looking

관람

change (money)

거스름돈

Kimchi

김치

Eiffel Tower

에펠탑

Hanbok

한복

The Great Wall of China

만리장성

Berlin

베를린

role play

역할극

real life (situation)

실제 생활

because of N

(명사) 때문에

to want to do

-고 싶어하다

used when the speaker talks about his/her story or thought in a friendly way

-자요

used as an exclamation or to express surprise about a new fact after the speaker sees, hears, or realizes it

-네요

language exchange

언어 교환

briefly

간단하게

to read aloud

소리 내서 읽다

to save money, to accumulate money

돈을 모으다

to push a button

버튼을 누르다

to be in fashion, to be trendy

유행하다

to buy (a ticket) in advance

예매하다

love messenger (a go-between, cupid)

사랑의 메신저

to convey

전달하다

facility

시설

invitation (on paper), a letter containing guidance or information

안내지

an arboretum, botanic garden

수목원

target

대상

Korean traditional music

국악

newcomer

신입생

to be wonderful

멋지다

to play (musical instrument)

연주하다

musical instrument

악기

stage

무대

hero, heroine

주인공

during the school term

학기 중

during the school vacation

방학 중

and (ㅁ)

및

used to introduce someone, something or some event. It is also used to add supplementary information about the person, thing, or event/to provide background information prior to asking a question, making a proposition or giving an order

-은/는데

used at the end of a sentence to explain a reason. it is often used when speaking casually

-거든요

as (used to describe role, position status)

(명사)으로

I think that…

Vst-다고 생각하다

terms of payment

지불 방법

to divide

나누다

laundry machine

세탁기

availability

가능

What brings you here?

어떻게 오셨어요?

Can I have a look now?

지금 좀 볼 수 있을까요?

an exclamatory ending to express surprise

(이/가/Vst)-구나

used to remind a person of a certain fact or something forgotten. it is used between people with a close relationship.

Vst-잖아요

You (informal, used between friends or peers); mostly combined with the markers 이/가

(speaking:) 니 (writing: 네가)

agency for studying abroad

유학원

for someone/something

(이/가) (명사)을 위해서

to begin to

-기 시작하다

to wish, to hope

-기 바라다

detergent

세제

to be (the most appropriate)

해당되다

major holiday

명절

sometimes (one does/people do): used to express something which happens infrequently

-기도 하다 eg 가끔 도서관에 가기도 해.

instead of

(명사) 대신(에)

Kimbap

김밥

spivey potato soup with pork bones

감자탕

V-while, during: used to express the duration of an action

-는 동안에 eg 집에 가는 동안에 친구를 만났어요

presentation

발표

it looks, to look (adjective), to appear (adjective)

Vst-아/어 보이다

contents

내용

it’s very…, how… it is!: used to express the speaker’s strong opinion or feeling about a certain situation or fact. it is mainly used at the end of the sentence.

얼마나 Vst-은/는데

I will, I think you have to…: used when expressing the speaker’s decision or desire to do something

Vst-아/어야지

one’s first love

첫사랑

paragliding

패러글라이딩

typhoon

태풍

period of a festival

축제 기간

wish(es)

희망 사항

Korean-style meal (with many side dishes)

한정식

to be newly built

새로 생기다

fax

팩스

membership fee

회비

examination period

시험 기간

seawater

바닷물

pub

호프집

serving (ㅅ)

서빙

to be flexible (for office hours)

자유롭다

to pack a suitcase

가방을 싸다

certificate of alien registration

외국인 등록증

certificate of enrollment

재학 증명서

bank statement

은행 잔고 증명서

receipt for tuition

등록금 납입 증명서

to be natural

자연스럽다

to follow etiquette, to observe the proprieties

예절을 지키다

announcement

안내 방송

KTX

Korea Train Express

electronically-powered vehicle (mainly used for a subway train)

전동차

(station) platform

승강장

to open the doors for a new business

새로 문을 열다

parade

퍼레이드

to have an interest in

관심이 있다

tiger

호랑이

center for missing children

미아 보호 센터

because: used to express that the information in the preceding clause is the reason or basis for judgement of the information in the following clause. shortened expression of “으니까”

-으니

public place

공공장소

disabled person

장애인

senior citizen

노약자

expectant mother, pregnant woman

임산부

a seat

좌석

to download

다운로드하다

don’t install programs for personal use

개인 프로그램을 다운로드하지 마십시오

passing

통행

Sorry for the inconvenience (in construction zone)

통행에 불편을 드려서 죄송합니다

power (electricity)

전원

vibration

진동

video guide

영상 안내기

audio guide

음성 안내기

psychology

심리학

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