3A Flashcards
one’s place of work
직장
a boss, supervisor
상사
a new employee
신입 사원
a club where people with the same interests gather together
동아리
a senior, an elder
선배
a new member
신입 회원
Please help (somebody). (polite)
많이 도와주세요.
sociology
사회학
There is a lot that I don’t know.
모르는 것이 많습니다.
I hope we enjoy our time together.
앞으로 여러분과 잘 지내고 싶습니다.
I’ll do my best.
앞으로 열심히 하겠습니다.
I would be grateful for your help.
잘 부탁드립니다.
to be smart, intelligent
똑똑하다
to be curious
궁금하다
to work (in a company)
근무하다
How do you do? (for the first meeting only)
처음 뵙겠습니다.
single (unmarried)
미혼
a building
건물
a multimedia room
멀티미디어실
a school infirmary
보건실
a computer lab
컴퓨터실
a table tennis room
탁구장
department
과
an exchange student
교환 학생
a report, a paper
보고서
a student ID card
학생증
academic credits/grades
학점
a junior
후배
to join, to become a member of
가입하다
an application form
신청서
to gather, to get together
모이다
a gathering
모임
Membership Training
엠티
a library
도서관
lending
대출
return
반납
to return
반납하다
the return date
바납일
to pay a late fee
연체료를 내다
terms of use
이용 규칙
an entrance
입구
two weeks away from now, the week after next
다다음 주
to print out
출력하다
homepage
홈페이지
under ground
지하
a corridor
복도
each week
매주
the oppostie side, the other side
맞은편
to follow the rules
규칙을 지키다
to be closed (passive)
(-이/가) 닫히다
to be overdue
(-이/가) 지나다
a guard
경비 아저씨
to get scolded
(-이/가) (-에게) 혼나다
to pass the due date
반납일이 지나다
to put (something)(somewhere) and leave it
놓고 나오다
actually, in fact
사실은
points to be careful of
주의 사항
does such a thing exist?
그런 게 있어?
Of course!
당연하지!
a language
언어
self confidence
자신감
to gain self-confidence
자신감이 생기다
enivronment, surroundings
환경
to experience
경험하다
to feel
느끼다
what one felt
느낀 점
to improve
(-이/가) 늘다
to improve one’s Korean proficiency
한국어가 늘다
to adapt
(-에) 적응하다
to solve (a problem)
해결하다
to be new, unfamiliar
새롭다
to be familiar (with)
익숙하다
gradually
점점
They say I’ve become like a Korean person.
한국 사람이 다 됐대요.
a dormitory
기숙사
a kitchen
부엌
a living room
거실
boarding house
하숙집
a house
주택
a one-room apartment
원룸
a shower stall
샤워실
furniture
가구
a sink
싱크대
a wardrobe
옷장
bed
침대
the gas works (now).
가스가 들어와요.
a real estate angency
부동산
deposit
보증금
to be closed (window)
창문이 닫히다
to leak (when raining)
비가 새다
the light works (now)
불이 들어와요.
to have the water drain
물이 내려가다
to have water
물이 나오다
to have heating
난방이 되다
a real estate agent
부동산 중개인
a shopping center
쇼핑센터
monthly rent
월세
lease of a house on a deposit basis
전세
a residential area
주택가
owner of a house
집주인
to be hot
뜨겁다
nearby amenities
주변 환경
The air is fresh.
공기가 맑다
to have a good view
전망이 좋다
I don’t know what to do.
어떻게 해야 할지 잘 모르겠어요.
point
점
good point and bad point, strong point
장단점
a point of difficulty
힘든 점
to look for, seek
구하다
to be messy, disorderly
지저분하다
to be unfriendly
불친절하다
to suggest, propose
제안하다
first, before anything else
먼저
to pay fifty-fifty (percentage)
반씩 내다
What a surprise.
깜짝이야.
What are you looking for?
뭘 그렇게 열심히 보고 있어?
How about if we do this?
우리 이렇게 하면 어떨까?
family-like (atmosphere, relationship)
가족적
living together with others
공동생활
a stall, a (school) store
매점
fee
비
building maintenance fee
관리비
a dormitory fee
기숙사비
dining costs, cafeteria fee
식사비
the charge for lodging, boarding house fee
하숙비
a rate, a charge
요금
the gas rates
가스 요금
the water rates
수도 요금
the power rates
전기 요금
about, degree
정도
drawing lots
추첨
to run (a business)
운영하다
to be included
(-이/가) 포함되다
each, separately
각각
separately, apart
따로
in advance
미리
double occupancy
2인 1실
to lose in a lottery or drawing
추첨에서 떨어지다
I hope this advice will be a help to you.
여러분께 도움이 되면 좋겠습니다.
self introduction
자기소개
to have a small amount of time
시간이 적다
to be lively, active
활발하다
by chance
우연히
to have matching personalities
성격이 맞다
to have a quiet personality
성격이 조용하다
Where are you on your way to?
어디 가는 길이에요?
nationality
국적
dream
꿈
a blind date
미팅
to have a blind date
미팅을 하다
this and/or another, one thing and/or another
이것저것
a neighbour
이웃
oneself
자기
weekdays
평일
overseas
해외
an overseas business trip
해외 출장
activity
활동
to take an active part (in)
활동을 하다
to enter (into)
(-에) 들어오다
to enter a company (as a new employee)
회사에 들어오다
together (ㅎ)
함께
a newspaper reporter, journalist
신문 기자
make sure to rest
폭 쉬세요.
to calculate
계산하다
schon
벌써/ 이미
“it has been…(amount of time) since”
-은 지 …(시간) 됐다
add supplementary information about someone/something that one is introducing
N-은/는 N-인데
“if you intend to do something”; used when giving or requesting advice about an intended action; often used with -아/어야 하다/되다, -으세요, -이/가 필요하다, -으면 되다
- form
- shortened form
- -으려고 하면
* -으려면
used when an action adequately fulfills a condition, x means in this pattern “to be enough, okay, no problem”
-우면산 되다
(되다 means in this pattern “to be enough, okay, no problem”)
(sounds naturally with 그냥 or -만)
Reported speech contracted form: present
- 동사
- 형용사/있다
- -이다
- -는다고 해요 -> -는대요
- -다고 해요 -> -대요
- -이라고 해요 -> 이래요
Reported speech contracted form: past
-았/었다고 해요 -> -았/었대요
Reported speech contracted form: future/guess
-을 거라고 해요 -> -을 거래요
Reported speech contracted form: suggestion
-자고 해요 -> 재요
Reported speech contracted form: command/request
- negative form
- verbs ending in ㄹ
-으라고 해요 -> -으래요
- -지 말라고 하다
- -라고 하다
Reported speech contracted form: question
-냐고 해요 -> -냬요
reported speech: 저/제
자기
reported speech: 주세요
- reported speaker and the person who benefits from the action are different
- reported speaker and the person who benefits are the same
- 주라고 해요
* 달라고 해요
reported speech: used when conveying a past fact which is completely separated from the present
-댔어요
used when some fact is close to or on a certain side instead of talking about it as definite
- verb
- adjective
- 있다/없다
- 이다/아니다
- general situation in the past
- explaining some event completed at a point in the past
- v-는 편이다 (an adverb like 자주, 많이, 잘 must be used)
- adj-은 편이다
- 있/없는 편이다
- 인/아닌 편이다
- -은/는 편이었다
- -(으)ㄴ 편이다
- “it’s true that”; used when expressing one’s own opinion which is different from what would be expected based on prior information
- “it’s true that” -shortened
- “it’s true that, but”
- -기는 하다
- -긴 하다
- -긴 하지만
more than 20%
이십 퍼센트 이상
schon (2)
벌써/ 이미
a wedding
결혼식
White
흰색
a waiting room
대기실
a band
띠
black
검은색
I wish you a lot of luck in the New Year!
새해 복 많이 받으세요.
to perform a New Year’s bow
세배를 드리다
a traditional Korean game played with four sticks
윷놀이
consecutive holidays
연휴
the New Year’s gift of money given to juniors
셋뱃돈
a wedding hall
결혼식장
to clap (one’s hands)
박수를 치다
an envelope
봉투
to throw the boquet
부케를 던지다
to get married (female only)
(-이/가) 시집가다
to get married (male only)
(-이/가) 장가가다
a bridegroom
신랑
a bride
신부
congratulatory money
축의금
a reception
피로연
a reception hall
피로연장
I came to see Mr. Kim, the manager.
김 무장님을 보러 왔는데요.
to receive a visitor
손님을 맞다
to visit
방문하다
to burn incense
향을 피우다
condolence money
조의금
to bow
절을하다
to console
위로하다
a portrait
영정
a room where a coffin is placed until the funeral day
빈소
a funeral parlor
장례식장
a funeral
장례식
How can I help you?
무슨 일로 오셨습니까?
rice-cake soup
떡국
a place of residence (honorific form)
댁
to have a talk
이야기를 나누다
(to be) in a meeting
회의 중
(to be) out
외출 중
(to be) eating
식사 중
He’s not in right now.
지금 자리에 안 계신데요.
Would you like something to drink?
뭐 마실 것 좀 드릴까요?
You didn’t have to bring anything.
뭐 이런 걸 다 사 오셨어요?
It’s nothing.
별거 아니에요.
Have a safe trip home.
조심해서 가세요.
a professor (honorific form)
교수님
a department manager
부장님
a research lab
연구실
a farewell party
환송회
to see (humble form of 보다)
뵈다
to praise
칭찬하다
(to be) in class
수업 중
appearance
외모
an impression
인상
first impression
첫 인상
bobbed hair
단발머리
straight hair
생머리
short hair
스포츠형머리
permed hair
파마머리
to be small and longish (used to describe faces)
갸름하다
to be round in shape
둥글다
to be slim
날씬하다
to be fat
뚱뚱하다
to be thin
마르다
to have a good build
체격이 좋다
to be chubby
통통하다
character / personality
성격
to be sociable
사교적이다
to be frank / candid
솔직하다
to be gentle / well behaved
얌전하다
to be humorous
유머 감각이 있다
to be very understanding
이해심이 많다
to be active
적극적이다
to be gentle (males)
점잖다
to be active
활동적이다
to describe, represent
묘사하다
all day (long)
하루 종일
How does he/she look?
어떻게 생겼는데?
to dry (hair)
드라이하다
to apply
바르다
to apply mousse
무스를 바르다
to be good-looking
잘생기다
to have an attractive face
얼굴이 잘생기다
to have good talks because of common interests
대화가 통하다
to put on / wear glasses
안경을 끼다
not long ago
얼마 전에
boyfriend/girlfriend (a romantic interst of the opposite sex)
이성 친구
How did you know that?
어떻게 알았어?
He/she cares a lot about his/her appearance.
외모에 얼마나 신경을 쓰는데.
capability
능력
to be capable
능력이 있다
an association of like-minded people
동호회
business card / name card
명함
to exceed
(-이/가) 넘다
to select / to choose
선택하다
to be deep
깊다
to think deeply
생각이 깊다
to be varied / to be diverse
다양하다
never / absolutely (not)
절대
to be too picky
눈이 높다
to have a wide circle of acquaintances
발이 넓다
to be close lipped
입이 무겁다
to keep a secret
비밀을 지키다
vorsichtig sein
조심하다
auf die Gesundheit achten
건강에 조심하다
ob; ob…oder
V-ㄹ 지
Ich weiß nicht, ob er geht oder nicht.
그가 갈지 안 갈지 모르겠다
flüstern
소곤소곤거리다/하다
klimpern, klirren
달그락달그락거리다/하다
husten
콜록콜록거리다/하다
schniefen
훌쩍훌쩍거리다/하다
rumpeln, krachen
우당탕거리다/하다
gluckern
벌컥벌컥하다
knirschen, crunchen
사각사각거리다/하다
stampfen
뚜벅뚜벅하다
lachen (Lautmalerei)
하하
schlafend atmen
쿨쿨
hektisch, eilig
성격이 급하다
(sehr) ordentlich
꼼꼼하다
passiv, zögernd
소극적이다
stur, eigensinnig
고집이 세다
relaxed
느긋하다
bodenständig
털털하다
gedankenlos, vergesslich
덤벙대다
all smiles
싱글벙글거리다/하다
schläfrig sein, einnicken
꾸벅꾸벅거리다/하다
(heimlich) Blicke zuwerfen, to glance
힐끗힐끗거리다/하다
lose (wie bei Kleidung)
헐렁헐렁하다
glitzern, funkeln
반짝반짝하다
gehetzt aussehen
허둥지둥하다
grummeln
투덜투덜하다
Mischmasch
뒤죽박죽이다/으로
auf Zehenspitzen
살금살금
hüpfend
깡충깡충
machine
기계
household electric appliances
가전제품
a copy machine
복사기
an electrical outlet
콘센트
to plug (something) in
콘센트에 꽂다
the on/off button
파워 버튼
a plug
플러그
to be improperly connected
연결이 잣못되어 있다
to have a paper jam
종이가 걸리다
to be not switched on (computer)
컴퓨터가 안 켜지다
to be out of toner
토너가 떨어지다
a customer
고객
customer inquiries center
고객 상담실
a consultant
상담원
How can I help you?
무엇을 도와 드릴까요?
Could I have your contact number, please?
연락 가능한 번호를 알려 주시겠습니까?
How can I help you?
무엇을 도와 드릴까요?
Pease leave your name and a contact address.
이름과 연락처를 남겨 주세요
I’m happy to be of assisstance to you.
친절하게 모시겠습니다.
a result
결과
the person being spoken to
상대방
an original copy
원본
to press, push down
누르다
to click
클릭하다
the line is busy. (the person being called is on the phone)
통화 중
ATM
현금 인출기
etc.
기타
model name
모델명
a time
시기
time of purchase
구입 시기
an area, region
지역
to purchase, to buy
구입하다
to connect, to link
(-을/를) (-와/과) 연결하다
to confirm
확인하다
to be possible, to be feasible
가능하다
a technician who fixes goods
서비스 기사
to be saved
(-이/가) 저장되어 있다
If you could do that, it would be good (nice).
그래 주셨으면 좋겠어요.
What should I do? (showing exasperation)
어떻게 하지?
function
기능
design
디자인
the truth
사실
a mistake, error
실수
by mistake
실수로
a guidebook, handbook
안내서
quantity, amount, volume
양
to be large in quantity
양이 많다
a female
여성
bean sprouts
콩나물
to see (a performance, etc.)
관람하다
to be leftover
(-이/가) 남다
to have food leftover
음식이 남다
to ignore, to disregard
무시하다
to upload
올리다
to upload text
글을 올리다
to pack, wrap
포장하다
to be difficult, troublesome
곤란하다
to drop into the water
물에 빠뜨리다
for example
예를 들면
to come and go
오고 가다
to be unavoidable
할 수 없이
to be packed, to be wrapped
(-이/가) 포장되어 있다
tofu
두부
to print
인쇄하다
scanner
스개너
- as it is
2. just
그냥
to be careful
주의하다
to be dark, gloomy
어둡다
to be thick
진하다
thickly, too much (make up)
진하게
without a word
말없이
a close relationship
가까운 사이
to pay attention
신경을 쓰다
to wear accessories
액세서리를 하다
I intend to …, so …/ I promise to…., so …
-을 테니까 + imperative(-으세요, -아/어 주세요, etc.)/propositive (-읍시다, -을까요?, -는 게 어때요?, etc.)
während (2 Aktionen gleichzeitig)
-으면서
monologue, plain speech,journals, novels, newspaper
- verb
- adjective
- 있다/없다
- 이다/아니다
- verb: -는다
- adjective: -다
- 있다/없다: 있다/없다
- 이다/아니다: 이다/아니다
used when knowledge of a fact comes from the experience in the preceding clause. The following clause usually expresses the feeling (opinion) of the speaker. when talking about experienced facts, the clause following x is usually in the past tense.
-어/아 보니까
because/when expressing the reason to cause of some fact. usually used in formal situations or writing.
cannot be used in a command or suggestion (use -으니까)
(왜냐하면) -기 때문에
tense appears in both the preceding and following clause! 선생님 전화번호를 몰랐기 때문에 전화를 못했다.
used to express the speaker’s hopes, wishes, desires.
-았/었으면 좋겠다
used to disagree with another person’s opinion based on one’s own observation or experience.
-던데요
used when the speaker is confirming something that he/she has heard before. used a lot when speaking.
(past, perfect/present/future,guess) •Verb •Adjektiv •있다/없다 •이다/아니다
-다면서요? follows same rules as reported speech
- verb: -았/었다면서요/-는다면서요/-을 거라면서요
- adjective: -았/었다면서요/-다면서요
- 있다/없다: wie adjective, futur existiert (selbe Endung wie bei Verben)!
- 이다/아니다: -이|였|었다면서요, 아니었다면서요/-이라면서요, 아니라면서요/-일 거라면서요, 아닐 거라면서요
Ja, aber von wem hast du das gehört?
네. 그런데 그 이야기를 누구한테서 들었어요?
used when the speaker is expressing concern about a possible situation/speaker worries that something might happen
-을 텐데 걱정이다
when worrying about something which is thought to have already happened
-었/았을 텐데 걱정이다
relative clause ending (동사)
- past
- present
- future
- past: -은
- present: -는
- future: -을
used to introduce a circumstance or situation before expressing the speaker’s main point in the following clause. often used to provide background information prior to asking a question, making a proposition or giving an order.
NOT used when the following clause ends in a statement and the information in the preceding clause is the reason for it! ->아/어서
-은/는데
used to contrast two facts or conditions. “…but…”
- adjective
- 길다
- 쉽다
- verb
- 살다
- past
- 부르다(past
note: -은/는 is added to the subjects which are compared. 이/가, 을/를 are replaced! -에, -에서, -한테 are supplemented!
- (형용사) -은데
- 길다-긴데
- 쉽다-쉬운데
- (동사) -는데
- 살다-사는데
- past: -았/었는데
- 부르다(past)-불렀는데
- call
- say,call out,dictate
- sing
부르다
“to become, to get”. used to indicate a change or development from a certain condition to another.
- present; also used to speak about well -known facts, or generally agreed-upon truths (usually used with adjectives)
- past
- 다르다 (past)
- present: -아/어지다
- past: -아/어졌어요
- 다르다 (past) - 달라졌어요
- of course, isn’t it, eh, not sure, question softening
* must do (colloquial)
- -죠 or -지 (informal)
* -어/아 야 죠/지
“even if/though”
(아무리 no matter how) … -아/어도
“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something
-은 적이 있다
meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)
-아/어 본 적이 있다
used to express one’s lack of doing something
-은 적이 없다
“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.
-도…-도
added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서
“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows
- adj
- verb, 있다/없다
- negative
- 살다
- 덥다
- adj: -은지 알다
- verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
- negative: -은/는지 모르다
- 살다: 사는지 알다
- 덥다: 더운지 알다
used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death
-겠-
used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence
-으시
honorific form: 이/가
-께서
honorific form: 한테
-께
honorific form: -은/는
-께서는
used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”
-았/었을 때
Bedeutungsunterschied bei Bewegungsverben 가다, 오다, plus deren Kombinationen:
•갔을 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is completed
•갈 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is in progress
“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed
- 게 되다
- 게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives
Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.
처음 한국에 왔을 때에는
한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.
used to express the speaker’s resolution or firm decision to do something in the future. is is usually in the past tense because it describes a decision made in the past, even though the plan being made will take place in the future
-기로 했어요
“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something
-은 적이 있다
meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)
-아/어 본 적이 있다
used to express one’s lack of doing something
-은 적이 없다
“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.
-도…-도
added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서
“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows
- adj
- verb, 있다/없다
- negative
- 살다
- 덥다
- adj: -은지 알다
- verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
- negative: -은/는지 모르다
- 살다: 사는지 알다
- 덥다: 더운지 알다
used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death
-겠-
used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence
-으시
honorific form: 이/가
-께서
honorific form: 한테
-께
honorific form: -은/는
-께서는
used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”
-았/었을 때
Bedeutungsunterschied bei Bewegungsverben 가다, 오다, plus deren Kombinationen:
•갔을 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is completed
•갈 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is in progress
“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed
- 게 되다
- 게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives
Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.
처음 한국에 왔을 때에는
한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.
used to express the speaker’s resolution or firm decision to do something in the future. is is usually in the past tense because it describes a decision made in the past, even though the plan being made will take place in the future
-기로 했어요
“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something
-은 적이 있다
meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)
-아/어 본 적이 있다
used to express one’s lack of doing something
-은 적이 없다
“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.
-도…-도
added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서
“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows
- adj
- verb, 있다/없다
- negative
- 살다
- 덥다
- adj: -은지 알다
- verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
- negative: -은/는지 모르다
- 살다: 사는지 알다
- 덥다: 더운지 알다
used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death
-겠-
used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence
-으시
honorific form: 이/가
-께서
honorific form: 한테
-께
honorific form: -은/는
-께서는
used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”
-았/었을 때
Bedeutungsunterschied bei Bewegungsverben 가다, 오다, plus deren Kombinationen:
•갔을 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is completed
•갈 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is in progress
“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed
- 게 되다
- 게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives
Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.
처음 한국에 왔을 때에는
한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.
used to express the speaker’s resolution or firm decision to do something in the future. is is usually in the past tense because it describes a decision made in the past, even though the plan being made will take place in the future
-기로 했어요
“to have done something”. used to express one’s past experience of doing something
-은 적이 있다
meaning of having tried something in the past (action was done on speaker’s free will!)
-아/어 본 적이 있다
used to express one’s lack of doing something
-은 적이 없다
“both…and…”. used to talk about two things within one sentence with equal emphasis.
-도…-도
added instead of 이/가, 을/를, supplementing -에, -에서
“(someone) knows when/where/who/what/how/why/how much…”. used for expressing something that one knows
- adj
- verb, 있다/없다
- negative
- 살다
- 덥다
- adj: -은지 알다
- verb, 있다/없다: -는지 알다
- negative: -은/는지 모르다
- 살다: 사는지 알다
- 덥다: 더운지 알다
used to express a supposition/to infer someone’s emotion about something such as sad feeling caused by someone’s death
-겠-
used to express respect to the subject (person) of the sentence
-으시
honorific form: 이/가
-께서
honorific form: 한테
-께
honorific form: -은/는
-께서는
used to express the time/occurrence of a particular action or state in the past. same meaning as “when” or “while” and, in most cases, it has the same meaning as “을 때”
-았/었을 때
Bedeutungsunterschied bei Bewegungsverben 가다, 오다, plus deren Kombinationen:
•갔을 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is completed
•갈 때 - expresses a certain point of time when the action is in progress
“to come to (a change)”. used to express a final condition after a change has occured. usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed
- 게 되다
- 게 될거예요 can be used about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths whereas -아/어지다 is usually used with adjectives
Als ich das erste Mal nach Korea kam, konnte ich nicht so gut Koreanisch, aber jetzt bin ich besser geworden.
처음 한국에 왔을 때에는
한국어를 잘 못했는데 지금은 잘하게 됐어요.
used to express the speaker’s resolution or firm decision to do something in the future. is is usually in the past tense because it describes a decision made in the past, even though the plan being made will take place in the future
-기로 했어요
- informal way to ask questions (ㅅ,ㄷ must be dropped)
- to express the meaning of “because” or “therefore” like “~(으)니까
- to provide information for an upcoming clause, with a slight meaning of “because”
- question: -니
* -(으)니
instead of
대신에
für sein Alter jung aussehen; jünger als seine Jahre sein; jünger aussehen, als er ist
나이에 비하여 젊다
Tradition
전통
(vor Wut) mit den Zähnen knirschen
치를 떨다
as many as one hundred thousand people
무려 10만 명
für jn. kaufen
x을/를 사 주다
~기 때문에
•past
•future
- 있/었기 때문에
* ㄹ 것이기 때문에
(Buben)strich -(e)s, -e; Mutwille -ns; Schabernack -(e)s, -e; Possen -s, -; Unart -en
장난
einen Streich machen (jm.); dummes Zeug machen (jm.); Schabernack [Possen] treiben; [가지고 놀다] spielen (mit); [까불다] Kapriolen machen; Unsinn machen; [농담하다] scherzen;…
장난하다
Bengel -s, -; Frechdachs
장난꾼
mit dem Feuer spielen
불장난하다
das unartige Kind, -(e)s, -er; Balg -(e)s, Bälger; Unart -(e)s, -e; Spitzbube -n, -n; Schalk -(e)s, -e [Schälke]
장난꾸러기
mutwillig, possenhaft; unartig
장난의[치는]
auf [im, zum] Scherz [Spaß]
장난으로
durch Zufall
우연히
Würde ; Erhabenheit ; Gravität ; Majestät
위엄[威嚴]
Handel treiben
무역하다
Handel -s; Handelsverkehr -(e)s
무역[貿易]
Handelsware
무역품
internationaler Handel
국제무역
Handelshafen
무역항
verschieden(artig); allerlei; mannigfaltig
갖다
vermischt; bunt; viel; vielerlei (Attributform)
갖은
umgehen; (mit jm.); verkehren (mit jm.); Umgang [gesellschaftlichen Verkehr] pflegen[haben] (mit jm.)
사귀다 (사귈래요)
I should/I must
-(어/아)야지
to expect
터이다
“I imagine,” “I would think,” “it must be”
a. N
b. V
a. N. + ㄹ/일 텐데(요)
b. V. + ㄹ/을 텐데(요)
die Chinesische Republik
중화민국
Er ging, ohne ein Wort zu sagen.
그는 아무 말 없이 가버렸다.
plötzlich; auf einmal; mit eins; unerwartet
갑자기
[예문] leicht; mühelos; [사소한] gering(fügig); kleinlich; unbedeutend 만만한
만만하다
an Schlaflosigkeit leiden
불면증에 걸리다
to cook (meal/rice)
밥하다
“entweder/oder” bei ähnlichen Dingen
이든
독일맥주 이든 한국맥주이든 상관 없어.
dünn, schwach (Verb)
얇다
dünner Stoff
얇은 옷
dringend sein
간절하다
ganz dringend sein
매우 간절하다
eine inständige Bitte
간절한 부탁
von guter Qualität
좋은 품질의
Dringlichkeit, Eile
절박
drängen, bevorstehen
절박하다
Die Zeit drängt
때가/시일이 절박하다
Die Sache drängt
사태가 절박하다
stocken, verzögern, im Rückstand sein
밀리다
Die allgemeinen Verhältnisse des Volkes
민정
Volk, Nation
민족
Volkssitte, -brauch
민속
Volkskunde
민속학
Ästhetik
미학, 미적 감각
ästhetisch
미학적인, 미적인
Dialekt
사투리
during
중에
Bestimmung, Destination
지정
festsetzen, bestimmen
지정하다
geographische Lage
지정학적 위치
Geopolitik
지정학
Ich habe nur wenig gegessen.
나는 조금밖에 먹지 않았다.
Lebensbahn -en [Lebenslauf -es, -läufe; Lebensgang -(e)s, -gänge]; Karriere -n; persönliche Erlebnisse
경력
ähnlich sein [sehen]; ähneln; aussehen (wie); arten (nach)
닮다
[예문] klar; durchsichtig; hell; ungetrübt 맑은
맑다
heiteres Wetter
맑은 날씨
appearance
외모
impression
인상
first impression
첫인상
bobbed hair
단발머리
straight hair
생머리
short hair
스포츠형 머리
permed hair
파마머리
to be small and longish, oval (used to describe faces)
갸름하다
to be round in shape
동글다
to be slim
날씬하다
to be fat
뚱뚱하다
to be thin
마르다
to have a good physique/build
체격이 좋다
to be chubby
통통하다
character, personality
성격
to be sociable
사교적이다
to be frank, candid
솔직하다
to be gentle, well-behaved, modest (usually used to describe females)
얌전하다
to be humorous, to have a sense of humor
유머 감각이 있다
to be very understanding
이해심이 많다
to be active
적극적이다
to be gentle (usually used with males)
점잖다
to be active, energetic
활동적이다
to describe, represent
묘사하다
all day (long)
하루 종일
How does he/she look?
어떻게 생겼는데?
to dry (hair)
드라이하다
to apply
바르다
to apply/use mousse
무스를 바르다
to be good-looking
잘생기다
to have an attractive face
얼굴이 잘생기다
to have good talks because of common interests
대화가 통하다
to put on, to wear glasses
안경을 끼다
not long ago
얼마 전에
boyfriend/girlfriend (romantic partner)
이성 친구
How did you know that?
어떻게 알았어요?
He/She cares a lot about his/her appearance.
외모에 얼마나 신경을 쓰는데.
capability
능력
to be capable
능력이 있다
an association of like-minded people
동호회
business card, name card
명함
to exceed
(이/가) 넘다
to select, choose
선택하다
to be deep
깊다
to be thoughtful and considerate
생각이 깊다
to think deeply
생각을 깊게 하다
to be varied, diverse
다양하다
never, absolutely (not)
절대
to be too picky
눈이 높다
to have a wide circle of acquaintances
발이 넓다
to be closed lipped
입이 무겁다
to keep a secret
비밀을 지키다
machine
기계
household electric appliances
가전제품
copy machine
복사기
scanner
스캐너
electric outlet (for electricity)
콘센트
to plug (something) in
콘센트에 꽃다
the on/off button
파워 버튼
plug
플러그
to be improperly connected
연결이 잘못되어 있다
to have a paper jam
종이가 걸리다
to be not switched on (computer)
컴퓨터가 안 켜지다
to be out of toner
토너가 떨어지다
customer (ㄱ)
고객
customer inquiries center
고객 상담실
consultant
상담원
How can I help you?
무엇을 도와 드릴까요?
Please leave your name and a contact address.
이름과 연락처를 남겨 주세요.
Could I have your contact number, please?
연락 가능한 번호를 알려 주시겠습니까?
I’m happy to be of assistance to you.
친절하게 모시겠습니다.
result
결과
the person being spoken to (in a conversation)
상대방
original copy
원보
to press, push down
누르다
to print
인쇄하다
to click
클릭하다
The line is busy. (the person called is on the phone)
통화 중
ATM
현금 인출기
etc.
기타
model name
모델명
a time
시기
time of purchase
구입 시기
area, region
지역
to purchase, to buy
구입하다
to connect, to link
(을/를) (와/과) 연결하다
to confirm
확인하다
to be possible, to be feasible
가능하다
a technician who fixes goods
서비스 기사
to be saved
(이/가) 저장되어 있다
If you could do that, it would be nice.
그래 주셨으면 좋겠어요.
What should I do? (showing exasperation)
어떻게 하지?
function
기능
tofu
두부
design
디자인
the truth
사실
mistake, error
실수
guidebook, handbook
안내서
quantity, amount, volume
양
to be large in quantity
양이 많다
a female
여성
bean sprouts
콩나물
to see (a performance, etc.)
관람하다
to be leftover
(이/가) 남다
to have food leftover
음식이 남다
to ignore, to disregard
무시하다
to upload
올리다
to upload text
글을 올리다
to pack, to wrap
포장하다
to be difficult, troublesome
곤란하다
to drop into the water
물에 빠뜨리다
for example
예를 들면
to come and go
오고 가다
to be packed, to be wrapped
(이/가) 포장되어 있다
to be unavoidable
할 수 없이
duty, business
업무
general duties
일반 업무
education, training
교육
marketing
마케팅
promotion, an attempt to make a product or event popular
홍보
project
프로젝트
to be in charge (of) (2)
담당하다, 맡다
to win recognition, to be acknowledged
인정받다
to be satisfied
만족하다
to feel the value of (something)
보람을 느끼다
job advertisement (want ad)
구인 광고
an experienced person
경험자
working student, part-time employee
아르바이트생
an intern
인턴사원
regular employee
정식 사원
to recruit
모집하다
to select somebody
사람을 뽑다
to apply (for)
(에) 지원하다
to be employed
(이/가) (으로) 체용되다
to be highly competitive
경쟁률이 높다
payment, salary, wage
보수
newspaper company
신문사
certification
자격증
to obtain a certification
자격증을 따다
advice
조언
to seek advice, to get advice
조언을 듣다
to encourage
격려하다
to make an inquiry
문의하다
a call of inquiry
문의 전화
to be fixed
(이/가) 정해지다
to progress
(이/가) 진행되다
insurance company
보험 회사
Just let me know if you need anything.
필요한 게 있으면 언제든지 말씀하세요.
You are capable so you can do it, Hans.
한스 씨라면 잘할 수 있을 거예요.
South East Asia
동남아
society
사회
social experience
사회 경험
life (working life, social life)
사회생활
a trip abroad, an overseas trip
해외여행
in addition
게다가
to acquire (accumulate) experience
경험을 쌓다
to be strained
긴장이 되다
That must have been great.
좋았겠다.
career, record
경력
tourist site
관광지
Eastern Europe
동유럽
purpose
목적
future
미래
package tour
여행상품
package tour planner
여행 상품 기획가
sex (distinguished by gender)
성별
honeymoon
신혼여행
travel destination
여행지
age
연령
itinerary, journey
일정
the year before last
재작년
information
정보
resort
휴양지
to be related to, to be connected with
(와/과) 관계되다
to plan, to make a plan
기획하다
to be anticipated
(이/가) (으로) 예상되다
also (ㄸ)
또한
very (ㅁ)
매우
3 years of experience
3년차
to cost money
돈이 들다
up and coming career
뜨는 직업
service minded
서비스 정신
the coming 22nd (date)
오는 22일
5-day work week
주 5일제
post office
우체국
contents
내용물
box
박스
parcel, package
소포
to put (a thing) up on something
(을/를) (에) 올려놓다
scale
저울
surface mail (by ship)
배편
airmail (by air)
항공편
ordinary mail
보통 우편
express mail
빠른 우편
bank
은행
bill
고지서
amount of money
금액
take a number (ticket)
번호표를 뽑다
PIN number
비밀 번호
fee for use
사용료
fee, service charge
수수료
check
수표
Korean currency
원화
to have custody of (something)
보관하다
to look after (someone)
보호하다
to be born
태어나다
to be discounted
(이/가) 할인되다
to behave
행동하다
at the time of purchase
구매 시
box office hours (the time tickets are sold)
매표 시간
movie showing
영화 상영
bankbook
통장
cash
현금
cash card
현금 카드
exchange rate
환율
exchange
환전
immigration office
출입국 관리 사무소
to sign one’s name
서명하다
to extend
연장하다
revenue stamp (in exchange for money)
인지
to reissue
재발급하다
to be discounted
(이/가) 할인되다
to draw a picture
그림을 그리다
to put something somewhere and leave (intentionally or unintentionally)
두고 가다
general information center
종합 안내소
Please ring the bell to get off at this stop.
이번 정류장에서 내리실 분은 벨을 눌러주시기 바랍니다.
There is a large gap between the train and the platform at this station.
이 역은 전동차와 승강장 사이가 넓습니다.
Please turn off your phone or put it on vibrate.
휴대 전화는 전원을 꺼 주시거나 진동으로 해 주십시오.
name (honorific form)
성함
to be broken
(이/가) 깨지다
to tear away
떼어 내다
verification button
확인 버튼
Is it all done?
다 된 거예요?
It’s all done.
다 됐어요.
child (ㅅ)
소인
adult
대인
art gallery
미술관
free gift, promotional gift
사은품
promenade, walk
산책로
first-come-first-served basis
선착순
child, children (어)
어린이
train (ㅇ)
열차
schedule
예정
event
행사
to separate
분리하다
a recycling container
분리수거함
to do damage
피해를 주다
damage
피해
one day ahead
전날
pet
애완동물
ID card
신분증
transportation ticket
승차권
number of tickets
매수
close reading
독서
to lend
대여하다
rent
대여료
lending
대여
spectator
관람객
seeing, viewing, looking
관람
change (money)
거스름돈
Kimchi
김치
Eiffel Tower
에펠탑
Hanbok
한복
The Great Wall of China
만리장성
Berlin
베를린
role play
역할극
real life (situation)
실제 생활
because of N
(명사) 때문에
to want to do
-고 싶어하다
used when the speaker talks about his/her story or thought in a friendly way
-자요
used as an exclamation or to express surprise about a new fact after the speaker sees, hears, or realizes it
-네요
language exchange
언어 교환
briefly
간단하게
to read aloud
소리 내서 읽다
to save money, to accumulate money
돈을 모으다
to push a button
버튼을 누르다
to be in fashion, to be trendy
유행하다
to buy (a ticket) in advance
예매하다
love messenger (a go-between, cupid)
사랑의 메신저
to convey
전달하다
facility
시설
invitation (on paper), a letter containing guidance or information
안내지
an arboretum, botanic garden
수목원
target
대상
Korean traditional music
국악
newcomer
신입생
to be wonderful
멋지다
to play (musical instrument)
연주하다
musical instrument
악기
stage
무대
hero, heroine
주인공
during the school term
학기 중
during the school vacation
방학 중
and (ㅁ)
및
used to introduce someone, something or some event. It is also used to add supplementary information about the person, thing, or event/to provide background information prior to asking a question, making a proposition or giving an order
-은/는데
used at the end of a sentence to explain a reason. it is often used when speaking casually
-거든요
as (used to describe role, position status)
(명사)으로
I think that…
Vst-다고 생각하다
terms of payment
지불 방법
to divide
나누다
laundry machine
세탁기
availability
가능
What brings you here?
어떻게 오셨어요?
Can I have a look now?
지금 좀 볼 수 있을까요?
an exclamatory ending to express surprise
(이/가/Vst)-구나
used to remind a person of a certain fact or something forgotten. it is used between people with a close relationship.
Vst-잖아요
You (informal, used between friends or peers); mostly combined with the markers 이/가
(speaking:) 니 (writing: 네가)
agency for studying abroad
유학원
for someone/something
(이/가) (명사)을 위해서
to begin to
-기 시작하다
to wish, to hope
-기 바라다
detergent
세제
to be (the most appropriate)
해당되다
major holiday
명절
sometimes (one does/people do): used to express something which happens infrequently
-기도 하다 eg 가끔 도서관에 가기도 해.
instead of
(명사) 대신(에)
Kimbap
김밥
spivey potato soup with pork bones
감자탕
V-while, during: used to express the duration of an action
-는 동안에 eg 집에 가는 동안에 친구를 만났어요
presentation
발표
it looks, to look (adjective), to appear (adjective)
Vst-아/어 보이다
contents
내용
it’s very…, how… it is!: used to express the speaker’s strong opinion or feeling about a certain situation or fact. it is mainly used at the end of the sentence.
얼마나 Vst-은/는데
I will, I think you have to…: used when expressing the speaker’s decision or desire to do something
Vst-아/어야지
one’s first love
첫사랑
paragliding
패러글라이딩
typhoon
태풍
period of a festival
축제 기간
wish(es)
희망 사항
Korean-style meal (with many side dishes)
한정식
to be newly built
새로 생기다
fax
팩스
membership fee
회비
examination period
시험 기간
seawater
바닷물
pub
호프집
serving (ㅅ)
서빙
to be flexible (for office hours)
자유롭다
to pack a suitcase
가방을 싸다
certificate of alien registration
외국인 등록증
certificate of enrollment
재학 증명서
bank statement
은행 잔고 증명서
receipt for tuition
등록금 납입 증명서
to be natural
자연스럽다
to follow etiquette, to observe the proprieties
예절을 지키다
announcement
안내 방송
KTX
Korea Train Express
electronically-powered vehicle (mainly used for a subway train)
전동차
(station) platform
승강장
to open the doors for a new business
새로 문을 열다
parade
퍼레이드
to have an interest in
관심이 있다
tiger
호랑이
center for missing children
미아 보호 센터
because: used to express that the information in the preceding clause is the reason or basis for judgement of the information in the following clause. shortened expression of “으니까”
-으니
public place
공공장소
disabled person
장애인
senior citizen
노약자
expectant mother, pregnant woman
임산부
a seat
좌석
to download
다운로드하다
don’t install programs for personal use
개인 프로그램을 다운로드하지 마십시오
passing
통행
Sorry for the inconvenience (in construction zone)
통행에 불편을 드려서 죄송합니다
power (electricity)
전원
vibration
진동
video guide
영상 안내기
audio guide
음성 안내기
psychology
심리학
