3.8.3 - Using Genome Projects Flashcards
1
Q
what is meant by a genome?
A
- all the DNA in a cell/organism
2
Q
what is meant by a proteome?
A
- all the proteins produced by the genome
- all the proteins produced in a given type of cell or organism at a given time under specified conditions
3
Q
what is the benefit of determining the genome of simpler organisms e.g. bacteria?
A
- allows the sequences of proteins that derive from the genetic code (proteome) of the organism to be determined
- can identify potential (proteins that act as) antigens for use in vaccine production
4
Q
why is it easy to determine the proteome of prokaryotic organisms like bacteria?
A
- most prokaryotes have just one circular piece of DNA that is not associated with histones
- they do not have non-coding regions of DNA (introns) like eukaryotic cells
5
Q
why is it hard to determine the proteome of complex organisms like humans?
A
- presence of non-coding DNA (introns)
- presence of regulatory genes
