3.7.2 - Populations

Question 1

population

Answer 1

a group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time that can potentially interbreed (species exist as one or more populations)

Question 2

gene pool

Answer 2

all the alleles (of all the genes of all the individuals) in a population (at a given time)

Question 3

allele frequency

Answer 3

the number of times an allele occurs within the gene pool

Question 4

Hardy–Weinberg principle

Answer 4

• mathematical model
• predicts that allele frequencies will not change from generation to generation

Question 5

conditions of the Hardy–Weinberg principle

Answer 5

• no mutations arise
• the population is isolated (no flow of alleles into or out of the population)
• there is no selection (all alleles are equally likely to be passed to the next generation)
• the population is large
• mating within the population is random

Question 6

Hardy–Weinberg equation

Answer 6

p² + 2pq + q² = 1
p + q = 1

p = frequency of the dominant allele
q = frequency of the recessive allele