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Unit 3 Disease Charts > 3.7 > Flashcards

3.7 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common substance used in patients with schizophrenia

A

nicotine

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2
Q

positive symptoms in schizophrenia are thought to be due to what pathway

A

mesolimbic pathway

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3
Q

negative symptoms in schizophrenia are thought to be due to what pathway

A

mesocortical pathway

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4
Q

how long should symptoms be present in schizophrenia

A

6 months

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5
Q

what are the most common types of hallucinations in schizophrenia

A

auditory

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6
Q

what will be see on CT scan in schizophrenia

A

ventricular enlargement of lateral and third ventricles
decreased cortical volume

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7
Q

what personality disorders are in cluster A

A

schizoid personality disorder
schizotypal personality disorder
paranoid personality disorder

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8
Q

lifelong pattern of voluntary social withdrawal and anhedonic introversion

A

schizoid personality disorder

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9
Q

in what population does schizoid personality disorder most commonly occur

A

men; usually more severe in men

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10
Q

people with schizoid personality disorder and paranoid personality disorder may find therapy

A

threatening

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11
Q

Schizoid personality disorder mnemonic

A

SIR SAFE

Solitary lifestyle
Indifferent to praise or criticism
Relationships of no interest

Sexual experiences not of interest
Activities not enjoyed
Friends lacking
Emotionally cold and detached

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12
Q

characterized by odd, eccentric, bizarre behavior and peculiar thought patterns suggestive of schizophrenia without psychosis (no delusions/hallucinations)

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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13
Q

some people with what cluster A disorder may develop schizophrenia

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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14
Q

schizotype personality disorder mnemonic

A

UFO AIDER

Unusual perceptions
Friendless except for family
Odd beliefs, thinking, speech

Affect - inappropriate, constricted
Ideas of reference
Doubts others - suspicious
Eccentric - appearance/behavior
Reluctant in social situations, anxious

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15
Q

pervasive pattern of excessive distrust and suspiciousness of others, and often interpret their motives as malevolent

A

paranoid personality disorder

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16
Q

what is the hallmark feature of paranoid personality disorder

A

generalized distrust or suspiciousness

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17
Q

paranoid personality disorder mnemonic

A

GET FACT

Grudges held for long periods
Exploitation expected
Trustworthiness of others doubted

Fidelity of sexual partner questioned
Attacks on character are perceived
Confides in others rarely, if at all
Threatening meanings read into events

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18
Q

what personality disorders are cluster B disorders

A

antisocial personality disorder
borderline personality disorder
histrionic personality disorder
narcissistic personality disorder

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19
Q

pervasive socially irresponsible, exploitative and guiltless behaviors that deviate sharply form the norms, values, and laws of society, often violating the rights of others

A

antisocial personality disorder

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20
Q

in what population is antisocial personality disorder most common

A

males

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21
Q

in what disorder are patients impulsive, deceitful, and often violate the law without regard (may commit criminal acts)

A

antisocial personality disorder

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22
Q

many people with antisocial personality disorder have a history of

A

conduct disorder

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23
Q

how old do you have to be to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder

A

at least 18

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24
Q

antisocial personality disorder mnemonic

A

CORRUPTS

conduct disorder by 15 years and must be 18 years when diagnosed
Obligations not honored
Reckless and disregard of others safety
Remorselessness
Use others and Untruthful
Planning not meditated
Temper irritable and aggressive
Society laws violated/Social norms disregarded

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25
Q

disorder characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self images, and emotions, hypersensitivity to rejection, as well as impulsivity, causing significant impairment or subjective distress

A

borderline personality disorder

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26
Q

hallmark features of borderline personality disorder

A

instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, moods, and behavior as well as impulsivity

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27
Q

in what disorder do we see the concept of “splitting”

A

borderline personality disorder

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28
Q

what is splitting

A

black and white thinking - tend to view others as good or bad

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29
Q

B’s in Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Bat - mood SWINGS
Black and white thinking (splitting)
Blown up reaction
Broken - unstable relationships and fear of abandonment (breaking up)
Bad behavior - impulsivity in self damaging behaviors

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30
Q

disorder characterized by being overly emotional, dramatic, seductive, and attention-seeking

A

histrionic personality disorder

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31
Q

in what population is histrionic personality disorder most commonly diagnosed

A

females

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32
Q

in what disorder do patients often exhibit childlike regressive behaviors (temper tantrum’s, tearful outburst, dramatic accusations when upset)

A

histrionic personality disorder

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33
Q

H’s in histrionic personality disorder

A

Hey look at me - attention seeking
Hissy fits - self absorbed, temper tantrum’s
Hysterical - theatrical
come Hither - inappropriate, sexually provocative, seductive
Hype me up - seeks reassurance and praise

34
Q

grandiose often excessive sense of self-importance, superiority, need for attention and admiration, and lack of empathy

A

narcissistic personality disorder

35
Q

in what population in narcissistic personality disorder most common

36
Q

what are the hallmarks of narcissistic personality disorder

A

grandiosity, notable lack of empathy, and lack of consideration for others.

hypersensitivity to evaluation by others

37
Q

in what personality disorder do people commonly react to rejection or criticism with rage

A

narcissistic personality disorder

38
Q

in what personality disorder is the aging process extremely difficult

A

narcissistic personality disorder

39
Q

what disorders make up the cluster C personality disorders

A

avoidant personalty disorder
dependent personality disorder
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

40
Q

characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition due to an intense fear of rejection, with a longing to relate to others, affecting their daily lives

A

avoidant personality disorder

41
Q

major difference between schizoid personality and avoidant personality disorder

A

schizoid - prefer to be alone
avoidant - desire relationships but fear rejection

42
Q

disorder characterized by the inability to assume responsibility, dependent or submissive, needy, and clinging behavior, fear of being alone and abandonment, and difficulty making day to day decisions

A

dependent personality disorder

43
Q

in what disorder do patients typically have dependence on others to meet their emotional needs

A

dependent personality disorder

44
Q

do patients with dependent personality disorder have good self confidence

45
Q

do people with dependent personality disorder have a pessimistic outlook on life

46
Q

dependent versus borderline PD

A

borderline: reacts with rage when relationship threatened
dependent: reacts with appeasement and submissiveness when relationship threatened

47
Q

dependent vs histrionic PD

A

dependent: more stable relationships
histrionic: more unstable relationships

48
Q

disorder characterized by pervasive pattern of perfectionism, inflexibility, and orderliness with preoccupation with order and details without obsessions or compulsions

A

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

49
Q

in what disorder do patients fail to complete tasks in a timely fashion

A

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

50
Q

in what disorder do we see ego-syntonic behavior

A

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

51
Q

what is ego-syntonic behavior

A

they don’t see anything wrong with their thoughts or behaviors or aware their behavior causes issues

52
Q

in what disorder are patients often successful professionally but have poor interpersonal skills

A

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

53
Q

do patients with OCPD have recurrent obsessions or compulsions

54
Q

what type of ego do patients with OCD tend to display

A

ego-dystonic

55
Q

ego-dystonic behavior

A

aware they have a problem
common in OCD

56
Q

in schizoaffective disorder, does psychosis occur in the absence of a mood disorder

57
Q

in bipolar disorder with psychosis, does psychosis occur in the absence of a mood disorder

58
Q

disorder in which maladaptive behavior or emotional symptoms develop after a stressful or non-life threatening event

A

adjustment disorder

59
Q

after termination of the stressor, the symptoms persist no longer than _____ in adjustment disorder

60
Q

neurodevelopment disorder characterized by persistent inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity that is not age-specific

A

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

61
Q

67% of people with ADHD also have

A

conduct or oppositional defiant disorders

62
Q

what 2 NT play a key role in the areas of the brain responsible for regulating attention and executive function/what 2 NT play a key role in ADHD

A

dopamine
norepinephrine

63
Q

what might conduct disorder progress to

A

antisocial personality disorder

64
Q

how old do you have to be to be diagnosed with conduct disorder

A

< 18 years

65
Q

type of childhood disruptive behavior characterized by a persistent pattern of negative, angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior, and intentional vindictiveness or spitefulness

A

oppositional defiant disorder

66
Q

is oppositional defiant disorder associated with physical aggression, violating other’s basic rights, or breaking laws

67
Q

how long do you have to have symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder before you are diagnosed

A

at least 6 months

68
Q

presence of two or more distinct identities or states of personalities

A

dissociative identity disorder

69
Q

in what population is dissociative identity disorder most common

70
Q

abrupt change in geographic location with loss of identity or inability to recall the past

A

dissociative fugue

71
Q

what drugs are the biggest causes of psychosis

A

cocaine
methamphetamines

72
Q

exposure to real, threatened, or perceived serious injury or sexual assault

73
Q

how long to symptoms have to last to be diagnosed with PTSD

A

symptoms last > 1 month or the event occurred > 1 month ago

74
Q

collection of fluid within the arachnoid membranes

A

arachnoid cyst

75
Q

is arachnoid cyst typically congenital or not

A

arachnoid cyst is typically congenital

76
Q

most common presenting symptom of arachnoid cyst

A

unilateral headache

77
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome is due to

A

too little dopamine

78
Q

autonomic instability in neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

tachycardia
tachypnea
hyperthermia
fever
blood pressure changes
hyper salivation
diaphoresis
incontinence

79
Q

what type of muscle rigidity will people with neuroleptic malignant syndrome have

A

lead pipe muscle rigidity

80
Q

pupils in neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

regular sized pupils

81
Q

reflexes in neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

hyporeflexia

82
Q

which antipsychotics are most likely to cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

haloperidol
fluphenazine
perphenazine

Unit 3 Disease Charts (7 decks)

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