[3.6] prokaryotic cells and viruses Flashcards
key features that are in prokaryotic cells (10)
- cell membrane
- cell wall
- plasmids
- mesosome
- DNA
- pili
- slime capsule
- flagellum
- ribosome
- cytoplasm
which of these key features are only present sometimes?
= plasmids (small rings of DNA)
= mesosome
= pili
= slime capsule
= flagellum
what is the cell wall made from/also called?
peptidoglycan/murein
what is the mesosome?
infoldings of the cell membrane to increase SA
what is different about the DNA in a prokaryotic cell?
it is naked ie. it has no histome proteins
what is the pili used for?
for adhesion and exchange of DNA
what is the slime capsule made from?
mostly lipids and polysaccharides
what is the flagellum used for?
for motility (swimming)
key features of a virus (5)
- capsid
- lipid outer layer
- genetic material (DNA or RNA)
- attachment protein spikes
- enzymes
what is the capsid?
it is a protein ‘coat’ which can act as an antigen
what are the 2 types of attachment protein spikes?
- on the main body: can act as an antigen and helps attach it to host cells
- on the bottom: on bacteriophages, which infect bacteria
why is a virus not classified as a living cell?
it can (just about) perform only one of the 7 life processes (reproduction)
