3.5.3 - Metal + Water And Steam Reactions

Question 1

Least reactive metals (up to hydrogen) : 🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦🟦

Answer 1

.Au (gold) ➡️ Ag (silver) ➡️ Cu (copper)

Question 2

Middle reactive metals (between hydrogen and carbon): 🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩

Answer 2

. Pb (lead)➡️ Fe (iron)➡️ Zn (zinc)

Question 3

Most reactive metals (after carbon): 🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥🟥

Answer 3

.Al (aluminium)➡️Mg (magnesium)➡️
➡️Ca (calcium)➡️Li (lithium)➡️
Na (sodium)➡️ K (potassium)

Question 4

Word equation for METAL + WATER Reaction:

Answer 4

. Metal + Water ➡️ Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 5

Significant observations made when looking at METAL + WATER Reactions :

Answer 5

. EFFERVESCENCE- due to the hydrogen gas being produced

. SOLID DISAPPEARS- it was used up in the reaction

Question 6

Why when looking at METAL + WATER Reactions do we not use metals LESS reactive than MAGNESIUM !?

Answer 6

. Metals that are LESS REACTIVE than MAGNESIUM react so SLOWLY with cold water you can’t actually tell anything is happening

Question 7

Another name for a GROUP 1 METAL:

Answer 7

. Alkali metal

Question 8

Word equation for GROUP 1 METALs + WATER Reactions:

Answer 8

. Metal + water ➡️ metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 9

Significant Observations made when observing GROUP 1 METAL + WATER Reactions :

Answer 9

. Solid FLOATS- it’s less dense then water

. EFFERVESCENCE- hydrogen gas is produced

. Solid MOVES- the effervescence propels it around the surface of the water

. Solid DISAPPEARS- it’s used up in the reaction

Question 10

What colour does the UNIVERSAL INDICATOR turn when added to the solution of a GROUP 1 METAL + WATER Reaction !?

Answer 10

. Dark blue 🟦
- metal hydroxides are ALKALIS because the donate OH-

Question 11

SODIUM + WATER observation(s):

Answer 11

. Sodium melts

Question 12

POTASSIUM + WATER Observation(s):

Answer 12

. Lilac flame 🟪

Question 13

What is the GROUP 1 METAL REACTIVITY TREND !?

Answer 13

. The group 1 metals get MORE REACTIVE as you go DOWN the group

Question 14

When a group 1 metal reacts what happens !?

Answer 14

. It LOSES its outer- shell electron to get a full outer shell

Question 15

Why do the group 1 metals get MORE reactive as you go down the group !?

Answer 15

. The atoms get BIGGER and have MORE shells

. The outer-shell electron is FURTHER from the NUCLEUS

. The ATTRACTION between the nucleus and the outer-shell electron is WEAKER

. So LESS ENERGY IS NEEDED to break the attraction

Question 16

Word equation for METAL + STEAM Reactions:

Answer 16

.Metal + steam➡️ Metal oxide + hydrogen

Question 17

How is a METAL + STEAM Reaction conducted !?

Answer 17

. Usually in a horizontal tube
- some wet wool is heated to generate steam for the Mg to react with .
- the H2 gas produced is IGNITED to safely destroy it

Question 18

Why do metals react with COLD WATER and HOT STEAM to produce different products !?

Answer 18

. Steam has MORE energy, so BOTH BINDS in the water molecule can break