Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pmcol 343 > 3.5 Androgens > Flashcards

3.5 Androgens Flashcards

1
Q

The HPG axis means…?

A

The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

GnRH is secreted in a ____ manner

A

Pulsatitle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does GnRH stimulate cells?

A

Anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GnRH causes the release of _____

A

LH and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In men, LH cause the release of ____ from the ___ cells

A

Testosterone, Leydig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does testosterone influence the HPG axis?

A

Negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The Leydig cells secrete…

A

Testosterone, DHT, and estradiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FSH causes the secretion of ___ from the ___ cells

A

Steroid hormone-binding protein and inhibin, Sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the hormones that stimulate spermatogenesis?

A

Testosterone, FSH, LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Testerosterone ___ GnRH secretion

A

Inhibits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is inhibin?

A

Hormone secreted by activated Sertoli cells that inhibits FSH secretion (FSH negative feedback)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

____ is the precursor of all steroid hormones

A

Cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is most bioavailable testosterone presented?

A

Attached to albumin, mildly active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The MOA of androgens is split into…?

A
  1. Slow classic genomic mechanism
  2. Rapid-non genomic mechanism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 types of slow classic genomic mechanisms of androgens?

A

Androgen-dependent vs androgen-independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is the rapid non-genomic mechanism of androgens activated?

A

When androgen levels are low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When is the androgen-dependent pathway activated?

A

When androgen levels are high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is the androgen-independent pathway activated?

A

AR phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 pathways of testosterone?

A
  1. Amplification
  2. Direct
  3. Diversification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the testosterone amplification pathway?

A

Gonads, skin, hair, prostate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the testosterone direct pathway?

A

Liver, muscle, fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the testosterone diversification pathway?

A

Brain and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which testosterone pathway involves DHT receptors?

A

Amplification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

DHT receptors are ____ receptors

A

Androgen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

T receptors are ___ receptors

A

Androgen

26
Q

E2 receptors are a type of ____ receptor

A

Estrogen

27
Q

Which testosterone pathway involves testosterone receptor activation?

A

Direct pathway

28
Q

Which testosterone pathway involves E2 receptors?

A

Diversification pathway

29
Q

DHT –> androgen receptor are involved in the differentiation of ____ genitalia

A

External genitalia

30
Q

T –> androgen receptor are involved in the differentiation of ___ genitalia

A

Internal genitalia

31
Q

How do DHT –> androgen receptor influence the external genitalia?

A

External genitalia
1. Differentiation during gestation
2. Maturation during puberty
3. Prostate development in adulthood

32
Q

How do DHT –> androgen receptor influence hair follicles?

A
  1. More hair during puberty
  2. Pattern baldness
33
Q

How do T –> androgen receptor influence internal genitalia?

A
  1. Differentiation of Wolffian ducts during gestation
  2. Spermatogenesis during puberty
34
Q

How does T –> androgen receptor influence muscles?

A

Increased mass and strength

35
Q

T/F: Testosterone > DHT affinity for androgen receptor

A

False, 2x less affinity

36
Q

T/F: DHT > testosterone dissociation from androgen receptor

A

False, testosterone 5x faster dissociation

37
Q

How does testosterone affect the bones?

A
  1. Bone marrow erythrogenesis
  2. Density increase
  3. Epiphysis closure
38
Q

What are the applications of androgen replacement therapy?

A
  1. Hypogonadism
  2. Pituitary deficiency
  3. Aging
39
Q

What are the applications of antiandrogens?

A
  1. Hypergonadism
  2. Prostate cancer
  3. Precocious puberty
  4. Hair loss
  5. Hirsutism
40
Q

What are the applications of SARMs?

A

None, not FDA approved
(promise for a variety of cancers, drug doping in sports, osteoporosis)

41
Q

What is primary hypogonadism?

A

Testicular failiure (G) = -testosterone = +FSH & LH due to reduced negative feedback

42
Q

What is secondary hypogonadism?

A

H or P failure = -testosterone and -FSH/-LH

43
Q

T/F: Synthetic androgens can convert to T, DHT, and E2

A

No, only T

44
Q

What is andropause?

A

-testosterone in old men

45
Q

Low testosterone in men can lead to…

A

Prostate cancer, obesity, etc

46
Q

Antiandrogens are used in ____ therapy to ___ testosterone synthesis

A

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), reduce

47
Q

Ketoconazole is an ____

A

Antiandrogen

48
Q

Ketoconazole inhibits ___

A

17a-hydroxylase

49
Q

What is abiraterone acetate?

A

An antiandrogen

50
Q

Abiraterone acetate inhibits ____

A

17a-hydroxylase and 17,20 lyase

51
Q

5a-reductase converts ___ to ____

A

Testosterone to DHT

52
Q

What is finasteride?

A

Antiandrogen

53
Q

Finasteride inhibits ___

A

5a-reductase

54
Q

What drug is most commonly used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Finasteride

55
Q

What is flutamide?

A

1st gen AR blocker

56
Q

What is darolutamide?

A

2nd gen AR blocker

57
Q

What is the MOA of AR blockers?

A

Bind AR so it can’t translocate to the nucleus for transcription, -signalling

58
Q

How do PROTACs work?

A

Degrade AR proteins, decreasing prostate tumours

59
Q

How do SARMs work?

A

Bind AR and activate androgenic signalling

60
Q

Anabolic androgenic steroids mimic ___

A

Testosterone

Pmcol 343 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions