3.4: Theories of romantic relationships - Duck's phase model of relationship breakdown Flashcards
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks)
Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus:
- Intra-psychic
- Dyadic
- Social
- Grave-dressing
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing.
Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a ‘threshold,’ a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse)
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase,
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing’
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase,
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it’
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase,
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable’
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase,
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life’
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life.’
First AO3 PEEL paragraph
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that a strength of Duck’s model is that it can be useful for helping couples mend a relationship
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life.’
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that a strength of Duck’s model is that it can be useful for helping couples mend a relationship.
Why is this?
This is because Duck himself (1994) has said that if individuals focused on positive aspects of their partner during the intra-psychic phase and improved communication skills during the dyadic phase, this could be beneficial in fostering greater stability in the relationship
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life.’
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that a strength of Duck’s model is that it can be useful for helping couples mend a relationship.
This is because Duck himself (1994) has said that if individuals focused on positive aspects of their partner during the intra-psychic phase and improved communication skills during the dyadic phase, this could be beneficial in fostering greater stability in the relationship.
These
These insights can be used by relationship counsellors to enable couples to work through and mend their relationship during either of these two stages, rather than passing into the social or grave-dressing phases
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life.’
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that a strength of Duck’s model is that it can be useful for helping couples mend a relationship.
This is because Duck himself (1994) has said that if individuals focused on positive aspects of their partner during the intra-psychic phase and improved communication skills during the dyadic phase, this could be beneficial in fostering greater stability in the relationship.
These insights can be used by relationship counsellors to enable couples to work through and mend their relationship during either of these two stages, rather than passing into the social or grave-dressing phases.
This
This practical real world application of Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown therefore makes it a valuable theory in psychology
Describe and evaluate Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown (16 marks). Steve Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relationship breakdown, whereby once one partner is dissatisfied, there are four phases in the process, each with a different focus: intra-psychic, dyadic, social and grave-dressing. Each phase is marked by one partner (or both) reaching a 'threshold,' a point at which their perception of the relationship changes (usually for the worse).
The threshold for the intra-psychic phase is ‘I can’t stand this anymore,’ indicating a determination that something has to change.
During the intra-psychic phase, the dissatisfied partner broods on the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction privately, centring mostly on their partner’s shortcomings, and may may share them with a trusted friend.
They weigh up the pros and cons of the relationship and evaluate these against the alternatives (including being alone) and begin to make plans for the future.
The threshold for the dyadic phase is that they eventually come to the conclusion, ‘I would be justified in withdrawing.’
During the dyadic phase, there is a series of confrontations over a period of time, in which the relationship is discussed and dissatisfactions are aired.
There are two possible outcomes: A determination to continue breaking up the relationship or a renewed desire to repair it, but if the rescue attempts fail, another threshold is reached.
The threshold for the social phase is that the dissatisfied partner concludes, ‘I mean it.’
During the social phase, the focus is on wider processing involving the couple’s social networks, as the break-up is made public.
Partners will seek support and try to forge pacts.
Gossip is traded and encouraged.
Some friends will provide reinforcement and reassurance, some will be judgemental and place the blame on one partner or the other and others may hasten the end of the relationship by providing previously secret information.
This is usually the point of no return - the break-up takes on a momentum driven by social forces.
The threshold for the grave-dressing phase is ‘It’s now inevitable.’
During the grave-dressing phase, the focus is on the aftermath of the break-up.
One the relationship is dead, the time comes to bury it, by ‘spinning’ a favourable story about the breakdown for public consumption.
This allows the partners to save face and maintain a positive reputation, usually at the expense of the other partner, showing them in a bad light.
Gossip plays an important role in this phase.
The dissatisfied partner finally concludes, ‘Time to get a new life.’
The first AO3 PEEL paragraph is that a strength of Duck’s model is that it can be useful for helping couples mend a relationship.
This is because Duck himself (1994) has said that if individuals focused on positive aspects of their partner during the intra-psychic phase and improved communication skills during the dyadic phase, this could be beneficial in fostering greater stability in the relationship.
These insights can be used by relationship counsellors to enable couples to work through and mend their relationship during either of these two stages, rather than passing into the social or grave-dressing phases.
This practical real world application of Duck’s phase model of relationship breakdown therefore makes it a valuable theory in psychology.
Second AO3 PEEL paragraph
The second AO3 PEEL paragraph is that an issue with Duck’s model is that it overlooks the role that each individual may place in the breakup
