3.4 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Flashcards
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus and possess membrane bound organelles
What is the role of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
It contains all the hereditary material and controls the cells activities?
What is the nucleus made up of?
- a nuclear envelope
- nuclear pores
- nucleoplasm
- chromosomes
- nucleolus
What is the nuclear envelope?
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus
What is the outer nuclear envelope membrane continuous with?
The endoplasmic reticulum
What does the outer nuclear envelope membrane have on its surface?
Ribosomes
What does the nuclear envelope control?
The entry and exit of materials in and out of the nucleus
What does the nuclear envelope contain?
The reactions taking place inside of it
What do the nuclear pores allow?
The passage of larger molecules, such as mRNA, out of the nucleus
What is the nucleoplasm?
The granular, jelly-like material that makes up the bulk of the nucleus
What do the chromosomes consist of?
Protein-bound linear DNA
What is the nucleolus?
A small spherical region within the nucleoplasm which manufactures rRNA and assembles the ribosomes
What are the functions of the nucleus?
- manufacture rRNA and ribosomes
- retain the genetic material of the cell in the form of DNA and chromosomes
- act as the control centre of the cell through the production of mRNA and tRNA and hence protein synthesis
