3.4 animals with simple stomachs Flashcards

1
Q

what are the abdominal boundaries (upper, lower, vertically)

A

upper: diaphragm

lower: pelvic cavity

vertically: vertebrae column and abdominal muscles

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2
Q

what is peritoneum

A

layer of serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity

  • it also covers most of the organs in the abdomen
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3
Q

what is the composition of peritoneum

A

layer of mesothelium supported by a layer of connective tissue

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4
Q

function of peritoneum

A
  • give support to many abdominal organs
  • serves as a conduit for blood vessel, lymphatic vessels and nerves to go through
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5
Q

which organ is not wrapped around by the peritoneum

A

both kidneys

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6
Q

what is parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum

A

Parietal peritoneum = surrounds the abdominal cavity

Visceral peritoneum = part of the peritoneum that wraps around an organ

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7
Q

what are the 2 curvatures of the stomach

A

lesser and greater curvature

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8
Q

what is the main artery that supply blood to the foregut

A

celiac artery

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9
Q

what organs does celiac artery supply blood to

A

stomach
spleen
liver
pancreas

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10
Q

define anastomosis

A

branches of celiac artery form anastomoses that connect to each other

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11
Q

function of anastomosis

A

if 1 celiac artery gets cut off, blood supply still functional

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12
Q

location of the liver

A

most cranial part of the abdomen

right behind the diaphragm

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13
Q

what are the names of the 6 lobes of the liver

A

papillary process of the caudate lobe

left lateral lobe

left medial lobe

quadrate lobe

right medial lobe

right lateral lobe

caudate process of the caudate lobe

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14
Q

where is the gall bladder located at (between which lobes)

A

quadrate lobe and right medial lobe

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15
Q

what does the portal triad consist of

A

hepatic portal vein
common bile duct
hepatic artery

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16
Q

what hormone stimulate the release of bile from gall bladder

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

17
Q

define mesentery

A

a structure formed by two layers of visceral peritoneum, attaching the organs to the abdominal wall and allowing the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.

18
Q

define ileocaecocolic junction

A
  • area where the ileum, the cecum, and the ascending colon meet
19
Q

how are the colon ileum and caecum connected in canine

A

Caecocolic orifice and ileocolic orifice

in canines, ileum is connected to the ascending colon, then the ascending colon connects to the caecum

20
Q

how are the colon ileum and caecum connected in feline

A

ileocaecocolic junction

Everything is connected together: caecum, ileum and ascending colon

21
Q

difference between omentum and mesentery

A

Omentum: A fold of peritoneum that connects the stomach to other abdominal organs.

mesentery: A fold of peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall.

22
Q

what is gastrosplenic ligament

A

It connects the stomach and the spleen

23
Q

what are the 2 branches from aorta

A
  • First branch

○ Cranial mesenteric artery

  • Second branch

○ Caudal mesenteric artery

24
Q

what is the function of the 2 branches from aorta (where do they go)

A
  • Cranial mesenteric artery

○ Blood supply to the small intestine, caecum and the ascending and transverse colon

  • Caudal mesentery artery

Much smaller and mainly for descending colon

25
what are the 4 abdominal muscles
external abdominal oblique internal abdominal oblique transverse abdominis rectus abdominis
26
what is the origin and insertion of external abdominal oblique
O: costal cartilage I: wide aponeurosis
27
function of the external abdominal oblique
§ Compress abdominal cavity § Rotation of trunk § Most superficial muscle
28
what is the origin and insertion of internal abdominal oblique
o: coxal tuberosity I: linea alba
29
function of the external abdominal oblique
function of the external abdominal oblique
30
what is the origin and insertion of transverse abdominis
O: process of the lumbar vertebrate and the rib cage I: linea alba
31
function of the transverse abdominis
Helps compress ribs and provide stability
32
what is the origin and insertion of rectus abdominis
○ O: sternum, sternal rib cartilage I: prepubic tendon and pubic bone
33
function of rectus abdominis
○ Function: § Assisting breathing and abdominal stability § It holds layers of muscles from the sides
34
what makes up the linea alba
Rectus abdominis + rectus sheath
35
function of the rectus sheath
it encloses the rectus abdominal muscles
36
what is the inguinal ring
connective tissue opening between abdominal muscles and their aponeurosis
37
function of inguinal rings
allow passage for testis and vaginal process
38
what is inguinal canal
spaces between 2 rings
39
what are the 2 blood vessel that supply the abdominal wall
cranial superficial epigastric artery and vein caudal superficial epigastric artery and vein