3.3.5 - Alcohols QUICK FIRE

Question 1

_____ chain alcohols are more soluble in water - why?

Answer 1

Shorter chain alcohols are more soluble because the -OH group dominates and can form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules.

Question 2

Two methods of ethanol production?

Answer 2

• Hydration of ethene

- Fermentation of glucose

Question 3

What type of respiration occurs in the fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol; what is the other product; what is the catalyst?

Answer 3

• Anaerobic respiration
• CO2
• Yeast catalyst

Question 4

What are the conditions for the hydration of ethene to form ethanol?

Answer 4

Pressure + phosphoric
Acid
Steam
Heat

Question 5

A primary alcohol is first oxidised to a _______ then to a _________.

Answer 5

1 - aldehyde

2 - carboxylic acid

Question 6

How do you get an aldehyde from a primary alcohol?

Answer 6

• Dilute H2SO4 acid
• Less K2Cr2O7
• Gentle heat

Question 7

How do you get a carboxylic acid from a primary alcohol?

Answer 7

• Concentrated H2SO4 acid
• XS K2Cr2O7
• Reflux (20 mins)

Question 8

What is Tollen’s reagent?

Answer 8

AgNO3 in NH3 (aq)

Question 9

Equation for a positive result with Tollen’s reagent?

Answer 9

Ag+ + e– -> Ag(s)

Question 10

Condition for both Tollen’s reagent and Fehling’s solution?

Answer 10

Warm

Question 11

How do you go from an alkene to an alcohol?

Answer 11

• Hydration/electrophilic addition
• XS concentrated H2SO4
  or, vapours of alcohol over heated Al2O3