Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA B > 3.3.3.1 Proteins - Enzymes and Digestion > Flashcards

3.3.3.1 Proteins - Enzymes and Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

The 2 stages of digestion in humans are…

A

Physical breakdown by teeth or stomach churning

Chemical digestion by enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

Releases pancreatic juice onto food, as it exits the stomach, which contains proteases, lipases and carbohydrases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give some examples of proteases involved in digestion

A

Endopeptidase

Exopeptidate

Dipeptidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of teeth?

A

To physically bread down food and increase its surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Oesophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Gall Bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by chemical digestion?

A

When large food molecules are hydrolysed into smaller molecules by enzymes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give some examples of carbohydrases involved in digestion

A

Salivary Amylase

Pancreatic Amylase

Maltase

Sucrase

Lactase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the cell membrane-bound protease

A

Dipeptidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bile salts are produced by the…

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of maltase?

A

To break down maltose into 2 α-glucose molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

Produces proteases for protein digestion

Churns food to physically break it down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of salivary amylase?

A

To hydrolyse starch into maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of lipase?

A

To hydrolyse the ester bonds in triglycerides to give fatty acids and monoglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the body break down maltose?

A

The lining of the ileum has maltase enzymes bound to their membranes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of exopeptidases?

A

To hydrolyse the peptide bonds at the ends of peptide molecules, which releases amino acids and dipeptides.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name the 3 membrane-bound disaccharidases…

A

Maltase

Sucrase

Lactase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of dipeptidases?

A

To hydrolyse the peptide bonds between dipeptides.

They are membrane bound enzymes.

21
Q

What is the function of the ileum (small intestine)?

A

Produces enzymes to digest food

Absorbs the products of digestion into the blood.

22
Q

What is the function of the oesophagus?

A

To carry food from the mouth to the stomach

23
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A

To absorb water

24
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Salivary Glands

25
Q

What is meant by egestion?

A

The removal of faeces via the anus

26
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Ileum (small intestine)

27
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Large Intestine

28
Q

What is the function of bile salts?

A

To emulsify large lipid molecules into smaller lipid micelles. To increase the surface area that lipase can act on.

29
Q

What is the function of lactase?

A

To hydrolyse the glycosidic bond in a lactose molecule to give glucose and galactose.

30
Q

What is the function of pancreatic amylase?

A

To hydrolyse starch in the ileum that was not broken down in the mouth.

31
Q

How does physical breakdown aid digestion?

A

Creates a larger surface area for enzymes to act on.

Makes food easier to ingest (swallow).

32
Q

Starch is not digested when food enters the stomach. Why?

A

The salivary amylase enzymes are denatured by the hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

33
Q

What is the function of endopeptidase?

A

To hydrolyse the central peptide bonds in a large protein molecule to give smaller peptide molecules.

34
Q

Name the 3 categories of enzymes.

A

Carbohydrases

Proteases

Lipases

35
Q

Which type of bond does amylase break?

A

α 1-4 glycosidic bonds

36
Q

What is meant by hydrolysis?

A

When a water molecule is added to a molecule to break a chemical bond.

37
Q

What is the function of sucrase?

A

To hydrolyse the glycosidic bond in a sucrose molecule to give glucose and fructose.

38
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Anus

39
Q

Which enzyme is produced by the salivary glands?

A

Salivary Amylase

40
Q

Enzymes are secreted by…

A

glands

41
Q

What is the function of the rectum?

A

The final section of the intestines which stores faeces

42
Q

What is a monoglyceride?

A

A glycerol molecule with 1 fatty acid attached.

43
Q

Name the 3 proteases (peptidases) that are involved in protein digestion.

A

Endopeptidase

Exopeptidase

Dipeptidase

44
Q

Bile salts emulsify large lipid molecules into smaller lipid molecules called…

A

micelles

45
Q

What is a membrane-bound disaccharidase?

A

An enzyme that is part of the epthelial cell surface membranes of the ileum. They break down disaccharides.

46
Q

What is a gland?

A

An organ in the body that secretes substances such as enzymes or hormones.

47
Q

Identify the part of the digestive system

A

Stomach

48
Q

What is the function of the salivary glands?

A

They secrete the enzyme salivary amylase, which hydrolyses starch into maltose.

AQA B (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions