3.1.2.2 Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides to Polysaccharides

Question 1

Name a structural polysaccharide

Answer 1

Cellulose (plant cell walls)

Question 2

What happens during hydrolysis

Answer 2

A water molecule is taken in to break down a chain of molecules.

Question 3

Name the type of monosaccharide

Give its formula

Answer 3

Pentose

(CH₂O)₅

Question 4

Name the type of monosaccharide

Give its formula

Answer 4

Hexose

(CH₂O)₆

Question 5

Identify the monosaccharide

Answer 5

Galactose

Question 6

When many monosaccharides join together, they form a…

Answer 6

polysaccharide

Question 7

Polysaccharides are large. This means that they are…

Answer 7

insoluble (will not dissolve)

Question 8

Which elements make up carbohydrates?

Answer 8

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Question 9

When 2 monosaccharides join together, they form a…

Answer 9

disaccharide

Question 10

What happens during a condensation reaction?

Answer 10

A water molecule is released from the reacting molecules

Question 11

How many covalent bonds does carbon make?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

Which type of reaction takes place when two monosaccharides join together?

Answer 12

Condensation Reaction

Question 13

A 4 carbon sugar is called a…

Answer 13

tetrose

Question 14

Identify the monosaccharide

Answer 14

α-Glucose

Question 15

Name the type of monosaccharide

Give its formula

Answer 15

Tetrose

(CH₂O)₄

Question 16

Name the bond that forms between two monosaccharides

Answer 16

Glycosidic bond

Question 17

An individual biological molecule is called a…

Answer 17

monomer

Question 18

Which type of reaction takes place when a disaccharide or polysaccharide is broken down?

Answer 18

Hydrolysis

Question 19

Identify the monosaccharide

Answer 19

Fructose

Question 20

Name 3 common disaccharides

Answer 20

Maltose (glucose + glucose)

Sucrose (glucose + fructose)

Lactose (glucose + galactose)

Question 21

What is an isomer?

Answer 21

Molecules that have the same chemical formula but whose molecules are arranged differently.

Question 22

Long chains of repeating molecules are called…

Answer 22

polymers

Question 23

A 6 carbon sugar is called a…

Answer 23

hexose

Question 24

Glucose + Fructose –> _________

Answer 24

Glucose + Fructose –> Sucrose

Question 25

A 3 carbon sugar is called a…

Answer 25

triose

Question 26

The general chemical formula of a monosaccharide is…

Answer 26

(CH₂O)_n where n is the number of carbon atoms.

Question 27

Glucose + Glucose –> _________

Answer 27

Glucose + Glucose –> Maltose

Question 28

Identify the monosaccharide

Answer 28

β-Glucose

Question 29

A 7 carbon sugar is called a…

Answer 29

heptose

Question 30

Name the type of monosaccharide

Give its formula

Answer 30

Heptose

(CH₂O)₇

Question 31

A 5 carbon sugar is called a…

Answer 31

pentose

Question 32

A molecule containing carbon is called an…

Answer 32

organic molecule

Question 33

An individual sugar molecule is called a…

Answer 33

monosaccharide

Question 34

Name 4 common hexose monomers

Answer 34

α-Glucose

β-Glucose

Galactose

Fructose

Question 35

Name 2 common storage polysaccharides

Answer 35

Glycogen

Starch

Question 36

Name the type of monosaccharide

Give its formula

Answer 36

Triose

(CH₂O)₃

Question 37

Which 4 elements make up most biological molecules?

Answer 37

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Question 38

Glucose + Galactose –> _________

Answer 38

Glucose + Galactose –> Lactose

Question 39

Polysaccharides are used in cells for _____________ and ____________

Answer 39

Storage (energy)

Structure (cell walls)