3.3 Industry

Question 1

Demonstrate an understanding of an industrial system: inputs, processes and outputs (products and waste)

Answer 1

Inputs:
raw materials, labour, energy supply, government support, capital

Processes:
painting, welding

Outputs:
cars, goods, waste

Types of industry

Manufacturing:
making something from a raw material, e.g. iron ore-steel

Processing:
taking what you made and making it into something, e.g. steel- car door

Assembly:
taking parts and putting them together, car parts- car

High technology:
new industries, e.g. computing, software

Question 2

Describe and explain the factors in uencing the distribution and location of factories and industrial zones

Answer 2

land: flat, river flood plain
labour: skilled labour, inexpensive

raw materials: available near so easy to bring in to factory

fuel and power: power stations

transport: easy road, train line access, airport
markets: close to where it will sell

political factors: government support

Question 3

case study

An industrial zone or factory

Answer 3

BMW Dingolfing Germany

Key facts:

• Car assembly plant
• Only 100km from Munich (BMW headquarters)

Places:

• River Iser
• A8
• Central Europe

Key points:

Physical:

• Flat, cheap land on flood plain of river Iser
• Water supply available from Iser

Human:

• Central europe- access to major market in GE, FR, IT
• Rail line to bring ing workers and parts from suppliers
• On main autobahn A8 (access to NE and SE) own exit from factory to motorway
• Close to munich (headquarters, easy to manage)
• Support from government who worked hard to keep production in Bavaria
• Skilled workers available locally from major pop centre of Munich and small settlements, e.g. Dingolfing
• Traditional car manufacture in the area
• Parts suppliers nearby, e.g. Bosch
• Major airport in Munich, Franz Josef Strauß