3.3 Enzymes In Digestion Flashcards
How do the digestive enzymes differ from most other reactions
Most of the enzymes work inside the cells of the body, controlling the rate of the chemical reactions.
The digestive enzymes are different they work outside the cells. They are produced by specialised cells in glands (salivary glands) (pancreas) (lining of gut)
The enzymes then pass out of these cells into the gut itself.
What are enzymes that break down carbohydrates called.
Carbohydrases
What enzyme breaks down starch and where.
Starch is one of the most common carbohydrates, it is broken down into sugars in the mouth and small intestine this reaction is catalysed by amylase
Where is amylase produced
Salivary glands, amylase is also made in the pancreas and the small intestine. All the enzymes made in the pancreas flow into the small intestine. Where most starch is digested.
Digesting proteins
The breakdown of protein into amino acids is catalysed by protease enzymes. Proteases are produced by the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. The breakdown of proteins into amino acids takes place in the stomach and small intestine.
Enzymes in digestion
Food is made up of large insoluble molecules that your body cannot absorb.
They need to be broken down or (digested) to form smaller soluble molecules. These can then be absorbed by the cells. This chemical break down is controlled by digestive enzymes.
Digestive system
Mouth Gullet Stomach Pancreas Liver Small intestine Large intestine Gall bladder Bile duct Diaphragm
A collection of organs all working together to digest food
What enzyme digests fats
Lipase
Digesting fats
Lipids (fats and oils) are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine. The reaction is catalysed by lipase enzymes.
Lipase is made in the pancreas and the small intestine, the enzy,Es made in the pancreas are passed into the small intestine.
Once the food molecules have been digested into soluble glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol. They leave the small intestine.
They pass into the blood stream to be transported around the body to the cells that need them
Where is lipase produced what does it break down the substrate into.
Pancreas and small intestine, breaks down lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol.
What does amylase break carbohydrates into
Glucose
In the mouth and small intestine
Where is protease produced
Stomach, small intestine, pancreas.
Where does the break down of protein occur and into what?
The break down of proteins into amino acids takes place in the stomach and small intestine. Catalysed by protease.
