1.1 Animal And Plant Cells , bacteria and yeast Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus
Controls all the activities of the cell . It contains the genes on the chromosomes. They carry the instructions for making new cells or new organisms. (Genetic material)
What is the function of the cytoplasm
The Cytoplasm is a liquid gel in which most of the chemical reactions needed for life take place.
The cell membrane
The cell membrane controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell
Mitochondria
The mitochondria - structures in the cytoplasm where oxygen is used and most of the energy is released during respiration
Function of ribosomes
Ribosomes - where protein synthesis takes place. All the proteins needed in the cell are made here.
What do all plant and algal cells contain
A cell wall made of cellulose that strengthens the cell and gives it support.
Many but not all plant cells have chloroplasts. They are found in all green plants. They are green because they contain a green substance (pigment) called chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy to make food by photosynthesis. Root cells do not have chloroplasts. Because they are underground and do not photosynthesise.
A permanent vacuole is a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap. This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plant.
As well as many other features
What are the main features found in all living cells
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Ribosomes Mitochondria
Plant cells additionally have
A cell wall
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplasts
How do plant cells differ from animal cells
They have a cell wall
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplasts
What is the function of chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are found in all green parts of the plant. They are green because they contain a substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy to make food by photosynthesis.
Function of a permanent vacuole
A permanent vacuole is a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap. This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plants.
Function of a cell wall
Cell wall is made out of cellulose that strengthens the cell and gives it support
What type of organism is bacteria and yeast
Single celled organisms
When you culture bacteria on an agar plate you grow millions of bacteria. What does this produce?
A bacterial colony
What are some of the structures of a bacteria cell that plant and animal cells do not contain
A slime capsule
Plasmids
Flagella
Function of plasmids
They are small circular bits of DNA these carry extra genetic information
