3.2.4.3 Environment, Health & Well-Being Flashcards
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
a measure of morbidity within a society, measure the number of years of healthy life lost by being in poor health or state of disability
epidemiological transition
describes changing patterns of population age distribution, mortality, fertility, life expectancy, causes of death. assumes infectious diseases are replaced by chronic diseases over time due to socio-economic development
health
defined by WHO as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely absence or disease or infirmity
mortality
relates to death, measured by DR, IMR, case mortality and attack rate
non-communicable disease
a medical condition or disease that is non-infectious and non-transmissible among people
morbidity
relates to illness and disease, also used to describe the incidence of disease within society, some diseases so infectious that by law must be reported
well-being
the state of being comfortable, healthy or happy
distribution of health
unevenly distributed worldwide
mortality higher in low and middle income countries
over half caused by just 10 conditions
10 conditions of most mortality
heart disease, stroke, COPD, respiratory infection, respiratory cancer, HIV/AIDS, diarrhea, diabetes, road injury, hypertensive heart disease
non-communicable diseases examples
68% deaths globally
cardiovascular/cancer/diabetes, lung diseases
more prevalent in low/middle income countries
why deaths from infectious diseases declining
improvements in santitation, diet, health care
Omran (1971) theory
3 stage process where socio-economic development causes a transition over time
Omran’s 3 stages
age of pestilence and famine
age of receding pandemics
age of degenerative and man-made diseases
Omrans 3 types of model showing variations in pattern, speed and causes of pop change worldwide
Classical/western model
Accelerated model
Contemporary/delayed model
